DSpace Communidade: Embrapa Cerrados (CPAC)

Record of Trichogramma marandobai Brun, Moraes & Soares, 1986 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in cassava crops in the Federal District, Brazil.

2026-07-21T12:48:32Z

Título: Record of Trichogramma marandobai Brun, Moraes & Soares, 1986 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in cassava crops in the Federal District, Brazil. Autoria: OLIVEIRA, S. A. de; AQUINO, M. F. S. de; BRITO, M. L. de; OLIVEIRA, C. M. de; QUERINO, R. B. Conteúdo: Abstract: This note reports the first record of the egg parasitoids Trichogramma marandobai Brun, Moraes & Soares, 1986 and Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) crops in the Federal District, Brazil. Sampling was conducted in an experimental field at Embrapa Cerrados from August 2023 to July 2024, and male specimens were identified based on genital morphology. Trichogramma marandobai was recorded between March and April 2024, extending its known geographic distribution in Central-West Brazil. Trichogramma pretiosum is also reported for the first time in cassava crops in this region. These records expand current knowledge of egg parasitoid diversity associated with Erinnyis ello (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), support updates to the Taxonomic Catalog of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), and provide baseline information for the development of biological control strategies in cassava agroecosystems.

Infrared thermography as a non-invasive tool for pregnancy diagnosis and abortion detection in cows: case report.

2026-07-12T16:47:40Z

Título: Infrared thermography as a non-invasive tool for pregnancy diagnosis and abortion detection in cows: case report. Autoria: VICENTINI, R. R.; CASTANHEIRA, R. C.; SILVA, A. V. R.; SILVA, G. H. B.; FERREIRA, I. C.; ZADRA, L. E. F.; FRANCO, F. O.; SILVA, E. A. da Conteúdo: Abstract: Detecting and monitoring pregnancy in cattle is essential and can be achieved through various methods. In recent years, new technologies have been explored to better understand reproductive phenomena, with particular attention given to non-invasive approaches. This study reports thermographic and clinical findings of two Zebu cows (Cow 1: spontaneous abortion; and Cow 2: pregnant) at 236 days of gestation. Eight hours after abortion, thermal imaging and rectal temperature were recorded (First Trial) and compared with the pregnant cow, kept under the same housing and dietary conditions. A second evaluation was conducted five days later (Second Trial). No clinical abnormalities or fever were observed in either cow. In both trials, the pregnant cow consistently showed a 0.9°C higher average abdominal temperature compared with the cow that experienced spontaneous abortion. This difference may be related to increased blood flow and metabolic activity in the uterus during gestation, resulting in greater heat conduction to the body surface. Despite the short interval post-abortion, thermography detected temperature differences suggestive of reproductive status. These findings support the potential of infrared thermography as a non-invasive tool for assessing reproductive status and thermal physiology in cattle.

A meta-analysis of the agronomic benefits of silicate rock powders in Brazil in the context of a novel classification.

2026-07-19T14:51:19Z

Título: A meta-analysis of the agronomic benefits of silicate rock powders in Brazil in the context of a novel classification. Autoria: SWOBODA, P.; MARTINS, E. de S.; VILELA, G. F.; MARCHI, G.; FERREIRA, L.; SILVEIRA, C. A. P.; CHIAPINI, M.; DAUBERMANN, M.; RODRIGUES, M. M.; CLARKSON, M. O.; KANG, J.; FUREY, V.; MANNING, D. A.; LARKIN, C. Conteúdo: Abstract: Brazil has emerged as a global leader in the use of silicate agrominerals (ASi), silicate-rich rock powders that supply plant nutrients and improve soil properties. These materials could advance low-cost soil-sustaining crop production, particularly in the deeply weathered and nutrient-depleted soils of the tropics. However, the research landscape remains fragmented, and there is currently no quantitative synthesis of tropical ASi assessments. We address this gap by synthesising 54 Brazilian crop trials through a meta-analysis structured around a recently proposed ASi classification. Pooled across all classes, ASi delivered significant (p < 0.01) gains in yield (+33%), aboveground biomass (+42%), exchangeable Ca (+38%), Mg (+35%) and K (+19%), soil pH (+4%), and P (+80%), confirming ASi as a robust multi-nutrient amendment for highly weathered tropical soils. The novel classification could empirically discriminate among the agronomic effects of the ASi classes. A conservative single-season economic analysis shows that basalt and phonolite powder can achieve a breakeven under real field conditions at moderate doses. We recommend minimum requirements for standardised methodologies and suggest real-world research designs to support broader ASi adoption. Our findings offer valuable insights for scaling the usage of ASi across tropical agricultural systems worldwide, contributing to sustainable food production and climate resilience.

Phenotypic selection of pequi trees (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess.) based on fruit production traits over different harvest seasons.

2026-07-12T16:47:00Z

Título: Phenotypic selection of pequi trees (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess.) based on fruit production traits over different harvest seasons. Autoria: AQUINO, F. de G.; FONSECA, C. E. L. da; SANTOS, A. K. R. dos Conteúdo: The objective of the study was to increase the efficiency of phenotypic selection of promising genotypes for fruit and pyrene production in pequi trees (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess.), considering data from different harvest seasons. The number of fruits, the number of pyrenes, and the number of pyrenes per fruit were evaluated in 56 genotypes over four harvest seasons (2020–2023) in an experimental plantation established in 1999, in the Federal District (Brazil). Annual fruit production in each quadrant of the canopy, total plant height, trunk base diameter, and canopy area were recorded. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to assess differences in fruit production among years, genotypes, and quadrants (5% significance level). Repeatability coefficients (r) were estimated for the productionrelated traits, as well as the number of years needed for efficient phenotypic evaluation. There was high variability in fruit production both between genotypes and over years. Four genotypes exhibited notable productive potential. The repeatability analysis suggested that three years would be necessary for initial evaluations with 0.80 of accuracy, while four years would provide greater precision, with 0.85 accuracy. Although total production estimates based solely on fruit counts by quadrant showed low accuracy for individual genotypes, this approach could be utilized for total production estimates when assessing a large stand of plants. Canopy area showed a significant correlation with fruit production.