DSpace Communidade: Embrapa Meio Ambiente (CNPMA)

Data gaps in water-related ecosystem services for urban flood risk adaptation in Brazil: a national diagnostic and policy-oriented analysis.

2026-07-20T12:49:38Z

Título: Data gaps in water-related ecosystem services for urban flood risk adaptation in Brazil: a national diagnostic and policy-oriented analysis. Autoria: GJORUP, A. F.; PRADO, R. B.; MONTEIRO, J. M. G.; HELFER, F. Conteúdo: Urban floods are among Brazil’s most pressing climate-related risks, revealing limitations in conventional drainage systems and fragmented governance structures. This study provides a national diagnostic of how Water-related Ecosystem Services (WES) are addressed in the context of urban flood-risk adaptation in Brazil, based on the integration of three analytical components: a systematic literature review (2017–2025), a diagnostic assessment of national environmental datasets, and a comparative synthesis of city-level initiatives. The review of 94 peer-reviewed studies indicates that Brazilian research remains predominantly focused on watershed-scale management, while international literature increasingly advances operational approaches based on Nature-based Solutions (NbS) and Blue–Green Infrastructure (BGI). The analysis of environmental datasets reveals recent progress in data availability and spatial coverage, alongside persistent gaps related to interoperability and update frequency. A comparative synthesis of experiences from Curitiba, Recife, and São Paulo highlights that, although NbS initiatives are present and associated with flood-risk reduction efforts, their implementation remains largely pilot-based and weakly institutionalised. Overall, the diagnostic identifies three strategic pathways—data interoperability, institutional coordination, and equity-oriented monitoring—as key elements to strengthen the integration of WES into urban flood-risk adaptation and water resource management in Brazil.

Moxidectin residue in the serum of grazing meat lambs on three programs of endoparasites.

2026-07-19T14:52:29Z

Título: Moxidectin residue in the serum of grazing meat lambs on three programs of endoparasites. Autoria: FERNANDES, M. A. M.; BAPTISTA, R. de C.; GILAVERTE, S.; PERES, M. T. P.; ZAMONER, L. S. F.; ASSALIN, M. R.; MONTEIRO, A. L. G.; REYES, F. G. R. Conteúdo: Abstract: The moxidectin residue in the serum of meat lambs produced on pastures and subjected to different programs of parasitic control was investigated. The experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Production and Research for Sheep and Goats (LAPOC), Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Brazil, between January and May 2012. The lambs were kept with their dams on pasture of Tifton-85 (Cynodon spp.) until slaughter weight (30kg) and subjected to three programs of endoparasites control: (T1) regular deworming, every 28 days; (T2) deworming after the count of the number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) if greater than 700 and (T3) selective deworming by the FAMACHA® method. The design was a randomized complete block with three treatments (control programs) and three replicates, with 14 lambs per program and 42 animals in total. Suffolk females and no castrated male lambs were homogeneously distributed on the blocks according to sex and type of birth (single and twin). Lambs presented initial weight and age of 19 kg and 42 days, respectively. Lambs were monitored for parasitic infection at intervals of 14 days after the starting of the evaluations (T2 e T3). The animals subjected to FAMACHA® guide (T3) that presented scores of 3, 4 or 5 were dewormed with anthelmintic drugs. At the regular control program (T1), all lambs were treated with the same drugs at the starting (day zero) and every 28 days, until slaughter. Regardless of the program for endoparasites control, the association of moxidectin (Cydectin®; 1 mL/50 kg body weight) with nitroxynil (Dovenix®; 1 mL/16.6 kg body weight) was used, because of proved efficacy for the flock. The recommended withdrawal period (28 days before slaughter) was respected for drugs dosing. The analysis to identify and quantify moxidectin residue levels in serum of lambs was performed at the Laboratory of Food Toxicology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. The validated analytical method presented between 80 to 107.3 % of accuracy and 1.7 to 6.7% of precision. This method was based on acetonitrile extraction, extract cleanup by dispersive solid phase using primary and secondary amine (PSA) plus octadecyl (C18), and analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). The limits of detection and quantification were 2.0 ng.mL-1 and 5.0 ng.mL-1, respectively. The mean number of anthelmintic dosing per animal was 3.0 (T1), 2.9 (T2) and 2.7 (T3), ranging between 0 (none) and six per lamb. However, no moxidectin residue was detected on serum of lambs. Thus, the selective programs of endoparasite control (FAMACHA and EPG) or the anthelmintic application at regular intervals promoted no detectable moxidectin residue on serum of lambs, if respected the minimum withdrawal period of 28 days.

Suspect screening for PFAS in groundwater with an accessible LC–MS workflow.

2026-07-12T16:46:52Z

Título: Suspect screening for PFAS in groundwater with an accessible LC–MS workflow. Autoria: SILVA, B. F. da; BRUCKNER, K. N.; QUEIROZ, S. C. do N. de; BOTTOLI, C. B. G.; CHOROVER, J.; ABRELL, L. Conteúdo: Abstract: Groundwater in North America is contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at more than 9500 locations. A major source of this contamination is aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), widely used for fire suppression at military facilities and airfields. Many of the thousands of PFAS remain poorly characterized and are not amenable to targeted quantitative analytical methods, which allow them to remain undetected. Suspect screening, an analytical strategy that searches for potential or likely compounds from a predefined list without requiring analytical reference standards, combined with liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), has emerged as an alternative or complementary approach to classical targeted analysis. Herein, an accessible suspect screening workflow was developed using data-dependent acquisitions and the NIST suspect list of 4712 PFAS, processed with TraceFinder software, followed by FreeStyle MS2 spectral management. Eleven PFAS were identified in AFFF-impacted groundwaters, including six compounds previously undetected by targeted experiments: 1H-perfluoropentane, 1H-perfluoroheptane, perfluorobutylsulfonamide (FBSA), perfluorohexanesulfonamide (FHxSA), perfluoropropanesulfonamide (FPrSA), and perfluoropropanesulfonic acid (PFPrS). Direct sample injection imposed sensitivity limitations, likely preventing the detection of additional PFAS present at lower concentrations. Nevertheless, the simplicity and reduced software investment requirements of this workflow make it a promising approach for broad adoption by the scientific community.

Boosting growth, health, and productivity of Nile tilapia by supplementing Artemisia annua under tropical net cage farming conditions.

2026-07-12T16:46:28Z

Título: Boosting growth, health, and productivity of Nile tilapia by supplementing Artemisia annua under tropical net cage farming conditions. Autoria: SOARES, M. P.; MARASCHI, A. C.; ANGELIS, C. F. de; QUEIROZ, S. C. do N. de; JONSSON, C. M.; CAMPOS, C. M. de; FERNANDES, M. N.; LEITE, C. A. C.; RANTIN, F. T.; SAMPAIO, F. G. Conteúdo: Abstract: The rapid global expansion of aquaculture demands innovative strategies to enhance productivity while safeguarding fish health under intensive rearing conditions. This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with an alcoholic extract of Artemisia annua (ae-Aa) on growth performance, physiological stress, immune responses, oxidative status, and tissue morphology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured in a high-density net-cage system. A 2 × 2 factorial was applied, including two dietary treatments (supplemented, S; non-supplemented, NS) and two feeding periods (30 and 60 days), yielding four experimental groups (S-30, NS-30, S-60, NS-60). Compared with their respective controls, ae-Aa supplementation significantly enhanced survival and growth at both time points (P < 0.05), evidenced by greater weight gain and protein efficiency ratio and a reduced feed conversion ratio. Supplemented fish also showed increased intestinal villus thickness and hepatosomatic index (P < 0.05). Plasma cortisol concentrations were significantly lower in supplemented groups at both sampling periods (P < 0.05). Moreover, ae-Aa supplementation stimulated innate immune responses, reflected by elevated lysozyme activity, plasma protein level, and leukocyte respiratory burst (P < 0.05). Oxidative stress was notably mitigated in supplemented fish (P < 0.05), with reduced lipid peroxidation, enhanced catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase activities, and decreased DNA damage observed at 60 days. In conclusion, dietary ae-Aa supplementation improved growth performance, immune competence, antioxidant capacity, and tissue integrity while alleviating physiological stress in Nile tilapia, supporting its application as a sustainable plant-based feed additive for intensive aquaculture systems.