Resumo em anais de congresso (CENARGEN) https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/item/297 2026-06-12T00:03:51Z 2026-06-12T00:03:51Z BERTIOLI, D. J. VIDIGAL, B. BERTIOLI, S. C. de M. L. FROENICKE, L. BEITEL, C. NIELEN, S. RATNAPARKHE, M. BRASILEIRO, A. C. M. GUIMARAES, P. M. SCHWARZACHER, T. MICHELMORE, R. PATERSON, A. H. HESLOP- HARISON, P. ARAUJO, A. C. G. de https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1187392 2026-06-09T13:56:29Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: The genomics of peanut and its wild relatives. Autoria: BERTIOLI, D. J.; VIDIGAL, B.; BERTIOLI, S. C. de M. L.; FROENICKE, L.; BEITEL, C.; NIELEN, S.; RATNAPARKHE, M.; BRASILEIRO, A. C. M.; GUIMARAES, P. M.; SCHWARZACHER, T.; MICHELMORE, R.; PATERSON, A. H.; HESLOP- HARISON, P.; ARAUJO, A. C. G. de Conteúdo: Cultivated peanut (A. hypogaea L. is a very important tropical oilseed, valued both for subsistence and as a cash crop. It is an allotetraploid of recent origin with an AB type genome (2n = 4x = 40) and has very low DNA polymorphism, a characteristic that has hampered genetic studies. The two sub-genomes diverged from a common ancestor about three and a half million years ago, more recently than the subgenomes of cotton or soya. The genome of peanut is estimated at about 2.8 Gb (only slightly smaller than the human genome) and has a high repetitive DNA content. During meiosis, peanut chromosomes pairing is almost entirely bivalent, an indication of genetic divergence of the A and B chromosomes. A significant divergence is also indicated by in situ hybridization analyses, which show that the repetitive contents of the A and B genomes are substantially different. Interestingly, evidence regarding the low copy fraction of the genome is converse: strong colinearity is observed between the A and B genome genetic maps, and indeed in many genome regions, gene order appears to have changed little over the last 55 million years. These diverging lines of evidence point to an intriguing question in[ the evolution of genome structure: how can the evolutionary flux of the structurally predominant repetitive DNA be reconciled with evolutionary conservation in low copy number DNA? Analysis of genomic sequences from the A and B genomes indicated that a large proportion of the sequence space is accounted for by relatively few transposons that have been active since the evolutionary divergence of the two subgenomes. The activity of these transposons has been a very significant driver of the erosion of A-B genome sequence similarity. Notably, this erosion is not evenly distributed; it is concentrated in intergenic regions.

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z CARVALHO, L. J. C. B. ANDERSON, J. V. SOUZA, C. R. B. de VIEIRA, E. A. https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1187388 2026-06-09T12:50:02Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Integrating genetic diversity, metabolites profiles, transcript profiles, and protein profile allowed identification of gene sets useful to improve storage root quality in cassava storage root. Autoria: CARVALHO, L. J. C. B.; ANDERSON, J. V.; SOUZA, C. R. B. de; VIEIRA, E. A. Conteúdo: A research program at EMBRAPA Genetic Resources and Biotechnology exploits natural genetic variation to overcome genetic bottlenecks during domestication and to improve yield and quality of cassava storage root. Here, we integrate results genetic diversity, metabolite profiles (carotenoid synthesis), microarray-based transcript and proteomic profile to unveil complex biological and metabolic networks using diversity from landraces and F1 progeny. Based on correlation analysis, we mined candidate regulatory genes to identify putative biological pathway network that differentiate storage root phenotypes and genes coding for enzymes in carotenoid synthesis to identify putative mutations in the pathway. Proteomic profile was used to mine candidate proteins associated to carotenoid accumulation. Results from this analysis provided evidences to indicate that carotenoid metabolite revealed by HPLC profiles correlate differentially with specific expressed genes coding for enzymes such PSY, PDS and LyCb as well as with specific putative regulatory genes network with gene nodes as FLC, ABI1, JAR1, MPK4, BRI1 and ATG50240. Proteomic profile revealed that small Heat Shock Proteins (sHSP) were the most abundant protein in the carotenoid-protein complex and that HSP21 protein play major roles in the accumulation of β-carotene in cassava storage root. It was also observed that the gene coding for HSP18.1 and HSP21 are highly expressed in intense yellow root than in white.

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z VALLS, J. F. M. https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1187391 2026-06-09T12:50:14Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: The potential of native germplasm for forage production. Autoria: VALLS, J. F. M. Conteúdo: Brazilian forage breeding programs are below the needs for a country of continental dimensions. They target too few species, and grass cultivars are mostly exotic. The main forage cultivars resulted of phenotypic selection based on agronomic merit, and, just a short time ago, this kind of selection would depart from very small collections. Present trends include acceptance of the value of broad collections, a clear concern on the mode of reproduction, potential introgression of genes from allied species, and a drive for greater use of native species, mostly of the legume genera Arachis and Stylosanthes, but also of Paspalum. Results of such programs are reaching the market, yet at long intervals. Expanded use of native species finds obstacles on lack of information, and frequently on reproductive barriers, to be overcome by cytogenetic studies and pre-breeding activities, that still need to capture the breeder’s attention. Many native grasses and legumes have a potential for use as cultivars. For centuries, native plants have been the biological basis for sustainable livestock raising in many Brazilian states. There is a good insight on which species are the main components of productivity in Brazilian natural pastures. Accessions of many native species are now available in genebanks, in spite of their rarity in breeder’s working collections. Identification of elite species has been recently stressed, under the “Plants for the Future” governmental project, especially concerning the Southern and West Central Brazilian regions. Initiatives involving outstanding native legumes and grasses will be commented. While in exotic germplasm, the search for expanded knowledge on reproductive mechanisms aims at the incorporation of such knowledge in breeding strategies, the search for biosystematic knowledge of native species has dual purpose: The sustainable management of native pastures, considering the adequate conservation of major components of their yield and environmental services, and balanced survival of plant populations with distinct ecological niches, and the use of such knowledge in pre-breeding activities and breeding programs. Identification of limiting factors for the establishment of a broad span of native cultivars of forage grasses and legumes, adapted to the diverse ecological conditions of the Brazilian territory, will help to find a better niche for native species in the spectrum of commercial forage plants for sustainable pasture establishment.

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z CHEN, S. LI, K. CARVALHO, L. J. C. B. https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1187390 2026-06-09T12:50:09Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Cassava Proteome Technologies: approaches and strategies to increase starch yield and nutritional quality varieties. Autoria: CHEN, S.; LI, K.; CARVALHO, L. J. C. B. Conteúdo: In this study proteomics provides a broad view of cassava varieties at the level of proteins. It is intended to give an understanding of the technologies behind proteomics and its application to address biological questions regarding source-flux-sink interactions, high starch accumulation, nutritional-quality characteristics and etc.

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z