DSpace Coleção: Artigo em periódico indexado (CNPMS)

Restoring soil health with legume-based integrated farming systems.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Restoring soil health with legume-based integrated farming systems. Autoria: DUARTE, A. C. S.; OLIVEIRA, J. de C. de; OLIVEIRA, W. R. de; FREITAS, I. C. de; CARDOSO, A. S.; COUTO, A. J. S.; MATRANGOLO, W. J. R.; SILVA, K. T. da; PEGORARO, R. F.; FRAZÃO, L. A. Conteúdo: Faced with the dual challenge of increasing agricultural production (both intensified and diversified) and improving soil health, this study investigated the capacity of legume-based integrated farming systems to restore soil health in the Brazilian Cerrado. For that, we evaluated two experiments in the Minas Gerais State comparing the following land use systems: native vegetation (NV), conventional tillage with Zea mays (CT-8), two pasture systems with Urochloa decumbens (PAST-13) and Urochloa brizantha (PAST-1), and three integrated production systems arranged with Cratylia argentea + Zea mays (IPS-8A), Gliricidia sepium + Zea mays (IPS-8B) and Cratylia argentea + Urochloa brizantha (IPS-1). To assess seasonal variations in microbial attributes (microbial carbon [Cmic], microbial quotient (qMIC), and enzymatic activity, we collected soil samples during the rainy season (December 2021) and the dry season (July 2022). Soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks were also evaluated. The soil C and N stocks in pasture systems were similar to VN, with values of 120 and 8.2 Mg ha−1 in PAST-1 at 0–30 cm. Additionally, integrated systems with legume crops promoted an increase in soil C stocks up to 24% (IPS-8B) when compared to monoculture cultivated under conventional tillage (CT-8). We also found that the legume-based integrated farming systems increased Cmic and β-glucosidase activity at the surface layers. Our findings demonstrate that integrated systems utilizing Cratylia argentea and Gliricidia sepium offer a promising approach to soil health restoration and a potential replacement for annual crop and pasture monocultures in the Brazilian Cerrado.

Characterization of sweet sorghum genotypes regarding adaptability and stability for biofuel production.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Characterization of sweet sorghum genotypes regarding adaptability and stability for biofuel production. Autoria: MARTINS, A. de M.; FIGUEIREDO-JÚNIOR, J. M. M. de; LEMOS, R. do C.; GUERRA, W. D.; FREITAS, F. S. de; PARRELLA, R. A. da C.; SIMEONE, M. L. F.; SANTOS, A. S. dos Conteúdo: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) has significant potential as a raw material in the bioenergy sector. Consequently, sorghum breeding programs have focused on developing cultivars with agronomic, chemical, and industrial traits most suitable for biofuel production and adaptable to diverse climate conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the adaptability and stability of sweet sorghum genotypes intended for biofuel production using Genotype and Genotype by Environment (GGE) biplots and select the most adapted and stable. The experiments were conducted across six environments located in Jaguariúna/SP, Nova Porteirinha/MG, Planaltina/DF, Sete Lagoas/MG, Sobral/CE, and Vilhena/RO. Twenty-five genotypes were assessed in a randomized complete block design with three replications, with plots consisting of two 5-m rows. Tons of stalks per hectare (TSH) (t ha-1), total soluble solids (TSS) (°Brix), and tons of Brix per hectare (TBH) (t ha-1) were analyzed using analysis of variance, GGE biplots, and Scott-Knott test. We found significant differences (p<0.01) for genotype, environment, and genotype×environment interactions. The environments most effective in discriminating the genotypes and their representativeness were Vilhena, Planaltina, and Sete Lagoas for TSS; Vilhena and Sete Lagoas for TSH; and Nova Porteirinha, Vilhena, and Sete Lagoas for TBH. Considering all traits, as well as adaptability and stability, the genotypes with the best performance were CMSXS5042, CMSXS5022, CMSXS5040, and CMSXS5041. Therefore, GGE biplots successfully identified the environments and the most adapted, stable, and promising sorghum genotypes for biofuel production.

Agronomic performance, adaptability and stability of biomass sorghum genotypes in different regions of Brazil, using the Annicchiarico method.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Agronomic performance, adaptability and stability of biomass sorghum genotypes in different regions of Brazil, using the Annicchiarico method. Autoria: GUERRA, J. V. S.; PARRELLA, R. A. da C.; CAVALLIN, I. C.; CARVALHO, A. J. de; PORTUGAL, A. F.; ANJOS, J. de R. N. dos; GUEDES, F. L.; GODINHO, V. de P. C. Conteúdo: This study assessed the agronomic performance and estimate the adaptability and stability of biomass sorghum genotypes in different regions of Brazil. Twenty-five sorghum genotypes were evaluated in experiments conducted in Goiânia (Goiás State-GO), Sobral (Ceará state-CE), Jaguariúna (São Paulo State-SP), Nova Porteirinha (Minas Gerais State-MG), Planaltina (GO), Sete Lagoas (MG), Narandiba (SP), Vilhena Rondônia State (RO) and Terra Rica (Paraná State-PR), in the 2021/2022 growing season. A randomized block design was used, with three repetitions. Pooled analysis of variance was conducted for the traits plant height, flowering, dry and fresh matter yield, and dry matter content. The adjusted means were grouped by the Scott-Knott test (P < 0.05). Adaptability and stability were evaluated using Annicchiarico’s method. Biomass sorghum genotypes have a longer cycle, greater height and higher yields than their forage sorghum counterparts. The experimental hybrids 202129B014 and 202129B016 and commercial hybrid BRS 716 exhibited high dry and fresh matter yields, general adaptability and high stability for all the environments studied.

A model for roundwood of planted forests.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: A model for roundwood of planted forests. Autoria: COSTA, T. C. e C. da; FRANÇA, L. F. Conteúdo: ABSTRACT: Forest harvesting is quantified in stereo volume. Therefore, there is no information on the types and quantities of products that can be extracted from trees. Information on timber products, as well as their evaluation, can assist forestry producers in trading. Another purpose is to provide support information for companies that purchase forests, such as the amount of most sold pieces and the amount of wood residue. In this work, a model to segment trees into roundwood pieces in the dimensions provided by the user was developed and validated. The required data are the diameter at breast height (DBH), total height of the trees, taper data, and the diameter and length dimensions of the roundwood pieces selected by the user. The validation was performed on the harvest of 8-year-old eucalyptus clone I224 and VM1, in an ILPF system and monoculture. The number of errors greater than 20% for the dimensions of pieces selected and calculated by the algorithm did not exceed 8% of the frequency distribution. RESUMO: A colheita florestal é quantificada em volume estereo. Desta forma, não se tem informação dos tipos e quantidades de produtos que podem ser extraídos das árvores. Informações sobre os produtos madeireiros, bem como sua valoração, podem auxiliar na fase de comercialização para o produtor florestal. Outra finalidade são informações de suporte para empresas compradoras de florestas, como a quantidade de peças mais vendidas e a quantidade de madeira destinada ao resíduo. Neste trabalho um modelo para segmentar árvores em peças roliças nas dimensões fornecidas pelo usuário foi testado e validado. Os dados necessários foram o diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), altura total das árvores, os dados de taper, e as dimensões de diâmetro e comprimento das peças roliças selecionadas pelo usuário. A validação foi realizada na colheita de clones I224 e VM1 de eucalipto com 8 anos de idade, em Sistema ILPF e monocultivo. A quantidade de erros maiores que 20% das dimensões de peças selecionadas e calculadas pelo algoritmo não ultrapassou 8% da distribuição de frequência.