https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/item/331 Artigo em periódico indexado (CPATSA) 2026-07-27T17:48:21Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1188427 Título: Elevated air temperature suppresses powdery mildew development in cowpea. Autoria: NASCIMENTO, L. A. do; MACEDO, M. V.; LUZ, T. A.; SILVA, J, L. da; SANTOS, C. B. dos; AMARAL, S. C. do; SILVA, W. O. da; MELO, N. F. de; HAMADA, E.; ANGELOTTI, F. Conteúdo: Cowpea production can be severely affected by powdery mildew, a disease whose epidemiology is highly influenced by envi-ronmental conditions. In the context of climate change, understanding the effects of increasing temperatures on disease devel-opment is essential. In this study, 12 cowpea cultivars were evaluated under two daily temperature regimes: 20°C min–26°Caverage–33°C max (current condition) and 24.8°C min–30.8°C average–37.8°C max (warming scenario, +4.8°C). The experimentwas conducted in growth chambers under a completely randomized design, with standardized inoculation. Evaluations wereconducted on disease severity, area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), number of lesions per leaf, number of conidia percounting field and conidial germination. Increased temperature prolonged the incubation period (i.e., from 7 to 9 days) and sig-nificantly reduced disease severity, AUDPC, lesion number, number of conidia per counting field and germination. Multivariateanalysis indicated that temperature was the primary factor structuring disease response patterns, with limited differentiationamong cultivars under the warming scenario. No cultivar showed resistance to the powdery mildew. The reduction in diseasedevelopment is primarily attributed to the direct inhibitory effect of high temperature on pathogen development rather than toplant host resistance mechanisms. These results highlight the importance of temperature as a key driver of powdery mildewepidemiology under climate change conditions. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1187904 Título: Succulent forages sustain lamb performance and hydration without compromising thermoregulation in semi-arid feedlots. Autoria: FIGUEIRÊDO, P. I. de; MORAIS, I. M. de V.; SILVA FILHO, J. R. V. da; AMORIM, J. dos S.; NOGUEIRA, D. M.; ARAUJO, G. G. L. de; VOLTOLINI, T. V. Conteúdo: Forage watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) and spineless cactus (Opuntia stricta) are succulent forages with high water content, making them potential food sources for thermoregulation and performance of confined sheep in tropical environment. This study evaluated animal performance, intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, water and nitrogen balances, ingestive behavior, and thermoregulatory responses of sheep fed diets with spineless cactus or forage watermelon as partial replacements for Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon dactylon). The treatments were: 1 – Tifton 85 hay-based diet (HAY); 2 – spineless cactus-based diet (CAC) and 3 – forage watermelon-based diet (FWM). Ten replicates per treatment were used in a completely randomized design. Male, non-castrated sheep of undefined breed, aged three months with initial body weight of 21.20 ± 2.41 kg, were used. Dry matter (DM), total carbohydrate, and neutral detergent fiber intake and digestibility were not influenced by diets. However, FWM resulted in lower crude protein intake and digestibility compared to CAC. Diets with succulent forages reduced free water intake and increased total water ingestion. Nitrogen intake, absorption, and balance were lower for FWM than CAC. Average daily gain, final body weight and feeding efficiency were also not influenced by dietary treatments. Feeding time was longer for CAC than HAY, while physiological responses remained unchanged across treatments. Including forage watermelon or cactus increased dietary water intake without negatively affecting water balance, average daily gain, final body weight, nor thermoregulation when used as partial replacements for Tifton 85 hay in feedlot sheep diets. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1187604 Título: Are greenhouse gas emissions and soil chemical characteristics affected by planting density, organic fertilization, and saline water irrigation in cactus pear cultivation? Autoria: ARAÚJO, C. de A.; ARAUJO, G. G. L. de; SIGNOR, D.; SANTOS, A. P. G.; MORAES, S. A. de; SILVA, T. G. F. da; LIMA, D. O.; RESENDE, A. M. D.; GOIS, G. C.; VOLTOLINI, T. V. Conteúdo: Understanding nitrogen dynamics in arid agricultural systems is essential for mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in climate-constrained environments. This study evalu- ated the effects of planting density, organic fertilization, and saline water irrigation on soil chemical properties, carbon and nitrogen stocks, and emissions of CO2, CH4, and nitrous oxide (N2O) in cactus pear cultivation systems. A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement was used to test two planting densities (30,000 and 75,000 plants ha−1 ), two organic fertilizer rates (0 and 30 Mg ha−1 ), and two saline irrigation depths (0 and 25% of ET0). Higher planting density increased soil moisture and carbon content while reducing CO2 and CH4 emissions. Organic fertilization increased the soil C ratio and phosphorus availability and significantly enhanced N2O emissions, whereas unfertilized systems showed negative N2O fluxes. Saline water irrigation reduced N2O emissions, resulting in negative fluxes (−12.50 μg N m−2 h −1 ), indicating potential suppression of nitrification and denitrifica- tion pathways. None of the evaluated factors significantly affected soil nitrogen stocks. Total GHG emissions (CO2-eq) were lower in denser cultivation systems. These results demonstrate that the interaction among high planting density, organic fertilization, and supplementary saline irrigation modulates nitrogen transformations and N2O emissions in semi-arid soils, highlighting management strategies to mitigate nitrogen-derived GHG emissions in cactus-based agroecosystems. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1187398 Título: Is it possible to substitute MAP with or without ethylene scrubbing for CA in marine transport of tree-ripe mango? Autoria: SHAHZAD, F.; DORON, M.; SARGENT, S. A.; FREITAS, S. T. de; BRECHT, J. K. Conteúdo: Mangos from South America can require 4 or more weeks for marine transport to the USA. To achieve these shipping durations, green (unripe) fruit are currently transported in air at 7-9°C (i.e., below their chilling threshold temperature). This results in poor quality, especially flavor, in the marketplace. Controlled atmosphere (CA) can allow mature-green mangos to be stored for up to 6 weeks at 12°C, but sensory quality is questionable; alternatively, tree-ripe mangos can be stored in CA for up to 4 weeks at 7°C with good flavor. Unfortunately, CA marine transport is not considered to be a feasible approach for these mango exports due to high expense and logistical issues. To overcome these obstacles, we targeted shipping tree-ripe mangos in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at lower temperatures with ethylene scrubbers to supplement MAP effects in inhibiting overripening during extended transport. We first determined the optimum O 2 and CO 2 concentrations for storage of ‘Tommy Atkins’, ‘Kent’, and ‘Keitt’ mangos using CA, then worked with Breatheway ® MAP and RYPEN™ ethylene control filters to duplicate the optimum CA in storage experiments simulating marine transport from South America to US markets. The study concluded with three commercial shipments from Brazil to New Jersey (‘Kent’ and ‘Tommy Atkins’) and Peru to California (‘Kent’). The optimum CA was 6 kPa O 2 plus 5 or 10 kPa CO 2 for ‘Tommy Atkins’ and 4 kPa O 2 plus 5 or 10 kPa CO 2 for ‘Keitt’. The MAP equilibrated at 6 kPa O 2 + 9 kPa CO 2 for both cultivars. The CA and MAP both slowed ripening in terms of softening, external and internal color changes, and changes in soluble solids and titratable acidity. Scrubbing reduced ethylene in the MAP by 85% and further inhibited ripening-related softening and color changes. Sensory evaluation confirmed that fruit in MAP remained less ripe than the controls during shelf life. Commercial shipping tests of mangos in MAP with or without ethylene scrubbing, from Brazil to New Jersey, USA and from Peru to California, USA, confirmed the lab results. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z