https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/item/124 Artigo em periódico indexado (CNPC) Mon, 06 Apr 2026 09:17:55 GMT 2026-04-06T09:17:55Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1182241 Título: Modeling herbaceous biomass and assessing degradation risk in the Caatinga biome using Monte Carlo Simulation. Autoria: FIGUEIREDO, J. R. de O.; PEREIRA FILHO, J. M.; FEITOSA, J. F. de F.; CÂNDIDO, M. J. D.; GILLES, S.; BAKKE, O. A.; MARANHÃO, S. R.; CAVALCANTE, A. C. R.; EDVAN, R. L.; BEZERRA, L. R. Conteúdo: Abstract: Simulating scenarios under climate change is essential to understanding vegetation dynamics, ensuring the survival of forage species, and minimizing uncertainties in project costs and timelines. This study aimed to simulate historical probabilities and develop a biomass production model using PHYGROW software (Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA), combined with Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) in the @RISK program (Ithaca, NY, USA), to evaluate long-term biomass production in a native pasture area of the Caatinga biome. The results show strong agreement between software estimates and field data. For 2016, PHYGROW estimated 883 kg/ha, while field measurements reached 836.8 kg/ha; for 2017, 1117 kg/ha was estimated, while 992.15 kg/ha was observed. For 2018, the model estimated 1200 kg/ha compared with 1763.5 kg/ha in the field, and for 2019, 1230 kg/ha was estimated versus the 1294.3 kg/ha observed. The Monte Carlo simulations indicated that the Weibull distribution best fitted the synthetic series, with 90% adherence. Biomass production values ranged from 618 to 1427 kg/ha with a 90% probability. Only 5% of the simulations projected values below 600 kg/ha or above 1400 kg/ha. Moreover, there was a 95% risk of production issues if planning was based on biomass values above 1000 kg/ha. These findings highlight PHYGROW’s potential for pasture management under semi-arid conditions for predicting and avoiding degradation scenarios that could even lead to areas of desertification. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1182241 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1182240 Título: GHG production and energy partitioning in female and male Somali sheep under different diets. Autoria: ALVES, F. G. da S.; ROGERIO, M. C. P.; FERREIRA, A. L.; NEIVA, J. N. M.; POMPEU, R. C. F. F.; LIMA, L. D. de Conteúdo: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate greenhouse gas (GHG) production and energy partitioning in growing female and male Brazilian Somali sheep subjected to different diets. The experiment was completely randomized, in a 3×2 (three diets combining crude protein and total digestible nutrients x sex classes) factorial arrangement, with four replicates. The factorial analysis of variance was used, and means were compared by Tukey’s test. GHG emissions and energy partitioning were determined using open-circuit respirometry chambers. No effect of sex was observed. Sheep fed the diet that met 100% of the recommendations of National Research Council (NRC) showed a higher gross energy intake, digestible energy intake, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, heat production, and respiratory quotient than sheep fed the diet that met only 85%. However, both diets showed similar results for gross energy loss via feces, metabolizable energy intake, energy balance, metabolizability, metabolizable:digestible energy ratio, and daily methane production. The net energy requirement of Brazilian Somali sheep did not differ between sex classes during their early growth phase. At this phase, the diet that met 85% of the NRC recommendations can be used instead of the one that met 100%, without reducing energy efficiency or increasing methane emissions. RESUMO – O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) e a partição de energia em fêmeas e machos de ovinos da raça somalis brasileira, em crescimento, submetidos a diferentes dietas. O experimento foi em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3×2 (três dietas combinando proteína bruta e nutrientes digestíveis totais x sexos), com quatro repetições. Utilizou-se a análise de variância fatorial, e compararam-se as médias com o teste de Tukey. As emissões de GEE e a partição de energia foram determinadas com uso de câmaras de respirometria em circuito aberto. Não foi observado efeito do sexo. As ovelhas alimentadas com a dieta que atendia 100% das recomendações do National Research Council (NRC) apresentaram maior ingestão bruta de energia, ingestão de energia digestível, consumo de oxigênio, produção de dióxido de carbono, produção de calor e quociente respiratório do que as que receberam a dieta que atendia 85%. No entanto, ambas as dietas apresentaram resultados semelhantes para perda bruta de energia via fezes, ingestão de energia metabolizável, balanço energético, metabolizabilidade, relação energia metabolizável:energia digestível e produção diária de metano. A necessidade líquida de energia dos ovinos da raça somalis brasileira não diferiu entre os sexos durante a fase inicial de seu crescimento. Nessa fase, a dieta que atingiu 85% das recomendações do NRC pode ser utilizada em vez da que atingiu 100%, sem reduzir a eficiência energética ou aumentar as emissões de metano. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1182240 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1180749 Título: Genome-scale mining of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the forage grass Urochloa mosambicensis using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing data: abundance, distribution, and composition abundance, distribution, and composition. Autoria: LEÃO, E. S.; SILVA, G. R. da; BUENO, L. G.; NEGREIROS, A. B.; DINIZ, F. M. Conteúdo: Abstract: Simple sequence repeats (SSRs), also known as microsatellites, are common components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. Microsatellite loci are widely applied as molecular marker systems in plant population studies and genetic breeding due to their codominant inheritance, high polymorphism, and reproducibility. The development of these markers, however, requires prior genomic information. Although low-coverage whole-genome sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform provides limited sequencing depth, it is usually sufficient to identify thousands of SSR regions. In this study, low-coverage sequencing was performed on the Urochloa mosambicensis genome using the Illumina MiSeq platform. This tropical forage grass shows strong potential for adaptability and persistence in dry environments, making it a promising feed source for ruminants in harsh conditions. The U. mosambicensis genome was screened for SSRs to evaluate their potential for molecular marker development. The high-quality Illumina sequencing reads were assembled into 32,931 contigs (N50 = 395 bp) using the CLC Genomics Workbench. The software Krait and MSDB were used to analyze the low-coverage U. mosambicensis sequencing data in order to identify and evaluate pure, interrupted pure, compound, and interrupted compound SSRs. A total of 2,665 pure microsatellites were identified, with the highest relative abundances found in trinucleotides (31.52 loci/Mb) and pentanucleotides (16.62 loci/Mb). Hexanucleotides (87.18%) and trinucleotides (86.96%) exhibited the highest proportion of sequences suitable for amplification. A greater abundance of interrupted compound motifs (1.81 loci/Mb) and pure compound SSRs (1.15 loci/Mb) was observed compared to interrupted pure SSRs (0.48 loci/Mb). This study also suggests that non-consensus bases positively influence the size of interrupted pure microsatellites, indicating greater stability against potential mutations. These findings provide a valuable resource for the selection of potential molecular markers for genetic breeding and population studies of the tropical forage species U. mosambicensis. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1180749 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1178953 Título: Identificação de genótipos de feijão guandu em condições de fotoperíodo neutro no Semiárido brasileiro. Autoria: GONÇALVES, R. J. de S.; MESQUITA, C. R. G.; ALVES, C. B.; SOUSA, V. A. de; GUEDES, F. L.; BEZERRA, J. W. T.; GUEDES, M. L. Conteúdo: Resumo - O estudo objetivou avaliar a sensibilidade ao fotoperíodo neutro em 21 genótipos (17 experimentais e 4 comerciais) cultivados em dois ambientes contrastantes quanto a fotoperíodo: Sobral/CE (localizado a 3º de latitude e tendência a fotoperíodo neutro) e Sumé/PB (localizado a 7º de latitude e tendência a fotoperíodo de dia curto). Foram analisados dias de florescimento (DF) e produtividade de grãos (ProdGrãos), as quais foram utilizadas para montar um índice de seleção para identificar genótipos insensíveis ao fotoperíodo neutro, e plotagem em gráfico tipo ggplot. A análise gráfica do índice permitiu classificar os genótipos em quatro grupos: sensíveis/responsivos, sensíveis/nãoresponsivos, insensíveis/responsivos e insensíveis/não-responsivos. Foram identificados como insensíveis ao fotoperíodo neutro os genótipos 100FG42, 92FG27, 94FG30, 97FG36, 96FG34, 98FG38, 07FG08 e 99FG41, além das cultivares Iapar 43 e Super N, com destaque para 94FG30 e 96FG34, que combinaram precocidade e alta produtividade. A metodologia proposta mostrou-se eficaz, de baixo custo e fácil aplicação, facilitando a seleção de materiais genéticos adaptados ao semiárido. Esses avanços contribuem para programas de melhoramento, promovendo cultivares mais resilientes às variações climáticas. Abstract - This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity to neutral photoperiod in 21 genotypes (17 experimental and 4 commercial) cultivated in two contrasting environments in terms of photoperiod: Sobral, CE (located at 3° latitude, tending toward a neutral photoperiod), and Sumé, PB (located at 7° latitude, with a tendency toward a short-day photoperiod). Flowering days (FD) and grain yield (GrainYield) were analyzed and used to develop a selection index to identify genotypes insensitive to neutral photoperiod, followed by plotting in a ggplot-style graph. The graphical analysis of the index allowed classification of genotypes into four groups: sensitive/responsive, sensitive/non-responsive, insensitive/responsive, and insensitive/non-responsive. The genotypes 100FG42, 92FG27, 94FG30, 97FG36, 96FG34, 98FG38, 07FG08, and 99FG41, along with the cultivars Iapar 43 and Super N, were identified as insensitive to neutral photoperiod. Among these, 94FG30 and 96FG34 stood out for combining earliness with high productivity. The proposed methodology proved to be effective, low-cost, and easy to apply, facilitating the selection of genetic materials adapted to the semi-arid environment. These advances contribute to breeding programs, promoting cultivars more resilient to climate variability. Resumen - Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la sensibilidad al fotoperíodo neutro en 21 genotipos (17 experimentales y 4 comerciales) cultivados en dos ambientes contrastantes en cuanto al fotoperíodo: Sobral, CE (ubicado a 3° de latitud, con tendencia a fotoperíodo neutro) y Sumé, PB ubicado a 7° de latitud, con tendencia a fotoperíodo de días cortos). Se analizaron los días hasta la floración (DF) y el rendimiento de granos (RendGranos), variables utilizadas para construir un índice de selección destinado a identificar genotipos insensibles al fotoperíodo neutro, seguido de la representación gráfica tipo ggplot. El análisis gráfico del índice permitió clasificar los genotipos en cuatro grupos: sensibles/responsivos, sensibles/no responsivos, insensibles/responsivos e insensibles/no responsivos. Se identificaron como insensibles al fotoperíodo neutro los genotipos 100FG42, 92FG27, 94FG30, 97FG36, 96FG34, 98FG38, 07FG08 y 99FG41, además de las cultivares Iapar 43 y Super N, destacándose 94FG30 y 96FG34 por combinar precocidad con alta productividad. La metodología propuesta demostró ser eficaz, de bajo costo y fácil aplicación, facilitando la selección de materiales genéticos adaptados al ambiente semiárido. Estos avances contribuyen a los programas de mejoramiento, promoviendo cultivares más resilientes a la variabilidad climática. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1178953 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z