DSpace Coleção: Artigo em periódico indexado (CPACT)

Enzyme activity of carbohydrate metabolism in own-rooted and grafted ‘BRS-Kampai’ peach trees.

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Enzyme activity of carbohydrate metabolism in own-rooted and grafted ‘BRS-Kampai’ peach trees. Autoria: BERTAN, M. A. J.; OLIVEIRA, M. G. B. de; PENSO, G. A.; MAYER, N. A.; CITADIN, I. Conteúdo: Abstract: Peach cultivation in subtropical regions faces critical challenges related to excessive vegetative growth, low winter chilling accumulation, and susceptibility to late frosts. The use of suitable rootstocks is a fundamental strategy to mitigate these problems, although the physiological mechanisms involved in vigour control and assimilate partitioning still demand investigation. This study aimed to determine the influence of five clonal rootstocks and the own-rooted scion cultivar (without rootstock) on the dynamics of the source-sink relationship and the seasonal partitioning of carbohydrates in ‘BRS-Kampai’ peach trees. Analyses such as shoot growth (SG), relative growth rate of shoots (RGR), and fruit diameter (FD) were performed; as well as the activity of the enzymes sorbitol oxidase (SOX) and acid invertase (AI), and concentration of reducing sugars (RS). High vigour group (own-rooted ‘BRS-Kampai’ and te ‘Okinawa’ rootstock) prioritises the diversion of assimilates to vegetative growth, resulting in smaller-sized fruits. In contrast, low vigour rootstocks (‘Cadaman®’ and ‘Clone 15’), although facilitating high-density management, present a delay in SG that induces direct competition with the initial phase of fruit development (cell division). The most efficient physiological balance was observed in medium vigour rootstocks (‘Tsukuba-2’ and ‘Tsukuba-3’), which showed the highest enzymatic activity (SOX and AI) in the fruits, indicating a superior sink strength in organs of economic interest. It is concluded that medium vigour optimises carbon partitioning to the fruits, consolidating the activity of both evaluated enzymes as a reliable marker of sink strength in peach trees under subtropical conditions.

Crushed fines from basic rocks of the Serra Geral Group as the sole substrate for assessing bioweathering and nutrient release in elephant grass cultivation (Cenchrus purpureus).

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Crushed fines from basic rocks of the Serra Geral Group as the sole substrate for assessing bioweathering and nutrient release in elephant grass cultivation (Cenchrus purpureus). Autoria: ZWIRTES, S.; MICHELIN, C. R. L.; SOMMER, C. A.; SANDER, A.; SILVEIRA, C. A. P. Conteúdo: Abstract: Tropical agriculture, generally developed on acid and leached soils, is highly dependent on soluble synthetic fertilizers (SSF), highlighting the need for local, economically viable, and more sustainable alternatives. Although intensive agriculture has increased global productivity through the use of these inputs, inadequate replacement of secondary nutrients and micronutrients has contributed to the progressive depletion of soil nutrients. In this context, agrogeology, particularly through the use of silicate agrominerals (SiA), emerges as a promising approach to assist developing countries in reducing their dependence on imported SSF by promoting the use of regional geological resources, such as crusher fines (CF) generated in the aggregate production chain for civil construction. This study evaluated nutrient release and plant uptake from CF derived from basic rocks of the Serra Geral Group (basalt and diabase), using an agronomic trial in which CF were used as the sole substrate, without soil addition. Elephant grass (cultivar BRS Kurumi) was grown with and without organic matter (OM) over 182 days in a greenhouse experiment arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design, in addition to a control treatment.Reductions in Ca, Mg, K, and Si contents were observed in CF from plant treatments, more pronounced in the presence of OM, and were accompanied by substantial increases in nutrient uptake by elephant grass (up to 6.5-fold for basalt and 6-fold for diabase with OM) and in shoot dry matter (5.1 to 5.8-fold). The higher proportion of fine fractions in basalt CF favored nutrient release compared to diabase.The results indicate that bioweathering, driven by plant–OM interactions, intensified mineral dissolution and short-term release of K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Si over months, supporting the use of CF from the studied lithologies as silicate agrominerals. The integration of SiA, plants, and OM increases biological activity, intensifies mineral dissolution in CF, and enhances agronomic efficiency, representing a viable strategy to reduce dependence on SSF in tropical agricultural systems.

Limestone mining coproducts enhance soil pH and micronutrient availability in tropical sugarcane systems.

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Limestone mining coproducts enhance soil pH and micronutrient availability in tropical sugarcane systems. Autoria: RODRIGUES, M.; SILVEIRA, C. A. P.; CEZAR, E.; SANTOS, G. L. A. A. dos; ROMAGNA, L.; NANNI, M. R. Conteúdo: Abstract: This study evaluated the effects of contrasting limestone coproducts used as Ca–Mg–S sources, combined with different potassium (K) fertilizer sources, on soil chemical attributes, micronutrient dynamics, and plant performance in a sugarcane system. A split-plot field experiment was conducted during plant cane and ratoon cycles, with soil sampling at two depths (0–20 and 20–40 cm) to determine pH and extractable Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, as well as leaf micronutrient accumulation and stalk yield. Limestone coproducts significantly increased soil pH relative to the control, with maximum increases of up to 30%, particularly under rhythmite-based and combined limestone–rhythmite treatments. These amendments reduced extractable Mn concentrations by up to 60% in the surface layer. Linear mixed-effects models showed significant main effects of crop cycle and soil depth on Fe and Zn contents (p < 0.01), while cycle × depth interactions were not significant. Potassium source selection had no consistent effect on soil chemical attributes. Leaf micronutrient accumulation and stalk yield were not affected by limestone coproducts or K sources, with stalk yield ranging from approximately 88 to 128 Mg ha−1 across crop cycles. Multivariate analyses revealed strong separation among treatments based on soil chemical attributes, driven mainly by soil pH and Fe–Mn availability, whereas plant variables showed limited differentiation. Overall, limestone mining coproducts acted as effective multinutrient amendments, improving soil chemical conditions without inducing short-term changes in plant nutritional status or yield, supporting their use as sustainable tools for long-term soil fertility management in sugarcane systems.

Soil remineralizers: advances in scientific production following the establishment of legal frameworks in Brazil.

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Soil remineralizers: advances in scientific production following the establishment of legal frameworks in Brazil. Autoria: CARDOZO, E. S.; ALVES, J. B.; SILVEIRA, C. A. P.; PEREIRA, M. T. J.; OLIVEIRA, J. R. de; SILVA, J. B. da; LEAL, O. dos A.; STUMPF, L. Conteúdo: Brazil’s growing dependence on imported fertilizers and the environmental impacts associated with their use have driven the search for sustainable alternatives, among which soil remineralizers (REMs), commonly known as rock powders, stand out. This study provides a global and national bibliometric overview of the dissemination of REMs studies between 2006 and 2025. Based on a bibliometric dataset comprising 1,146 articles indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, the analysis was conducted using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix (RStudio). The results indicate that China leads global publication output on REMs (21.1%), followed by Brazil (12.9%) and the United States (10.9%). In the Brazilian context, strong growth was observed following the regulatory milestones established by Law No. 12,890/2013 and Normative Instruction No. 5/2016. Research on REMs has evolved significantly over the past two decades, transitioning from conceptual approaches to practical applications in agricultural systems, and has been structured around four main themes: agronomic efficiency, CO₂ sequestration, geochemical mechanisms, and the use of rock powder in geotechnical engineering. In conclusion, REMs represent a low-cost and sustainable strategy capable of reducing dependence on conventional inputs, improving the fertility of tropical soils, and contributing to climate change mitigation. Moreover, we found that the Brazilian experience with REMs may be a replicable model for other countries seeking to reduce their vulnerability to the fertilizer market and to promote low-carbon agricultural practices. Expanding research in underexplored regions and monitoring toxic elements remain future challenges for consolidating the large-scale use of REMs.