DSpace Coleção: Artigo em periódico indexado (CPPSE)

Genetic associations of temperament and facial hair whorls with productive, reproductive, and carcass traits in Canchim beef cattle.

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Genetic associations of temperament and facial hair whorls with productive, reproductive, and carcass traits in Canchim beef cattle. Autoria: BESSA, A. F. de O.; CÂMARA, G. M. dos S.; ZUCATELLE, C.; FUTEMA, F. K.; SILVA, R. T. da; CENEDEZE, G.; BUGNER, A. L. P.; SOUZA, V. A. F. de; MAFFEI, W. E.; RIBEIRO, A. R. B.; MARCONDES, C. R.; BUZANSKAS, M. E. Conteúdo: Objective: This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and evaluate genetic correlations between temperament and facial hair whorl traits with productive, reproductive, and carcass traits in Canchim beef cattle. Methods: Phenotypic records from animals born between 2013 and 2022 were analyzed. Temperament was assessed using behavioral scores (movement, tension, breathing, vocalization), reactivity measured by accelerometers, and flight time, while facial hair whorls were characterized by presence, number, position, and height. Productive, reproductive, and carcass traits included body weights, scrotal circumference, and ribeye area at different ages. Genetic parameters were estimated using single- and two-trait animal models. Results: Heritability estimates ranged from low to high (0.09 to 0.67), indicating sufficient additive genetic variability for all trait groups. Favorable genetic correlations were observed between body weight traits and temperament measures, particularly vocalization and flight time, as well as between ribeye area and reactivity flight time. Scrotal circumference at 12 and 18 months of age showed moderate to high genetic correlations with facial hair whorl traits, especially whorl number and position. Conclusion: These results indicate that selection for productive and reproductive traits can lead to indirect improvements in temperament. Moreover, pre-selection for the absence of facial hair whorls, combined with selection for body weight and scrotal circumference, may promote favorable genetic gains in temperament, supporting their inclusion in Canchim breeding programs.

From yield to flavor: the role of lipid coatings in beef aging.

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: From yield to flavor: the role of lipid coatings in beef aging. Autoria: SOUZA, J. H. R. de; JACINTO, K. L. C. R.; VIEIRA, I. de L.; OLIVEIRA, G. L. de; BARROS, I. B. de; CARDELLO, F. A. B.; NOGUERA, D. C. L. H.; FRANCISCO, V. C.; NASSU, R. T.; BOLINI, H. M. A.; PFLANZER JUNIOR, S. B. Conteúdo: Lipid-coated aging has been proposed as an alternative to enhance flavor, particularly using butter as a coating material (butter-aged beef). Thus, this study compared the wet-aged and beef-aged with different lipid-based coatings: milk butter (butter-aged), cocoa butter (cocoa-aged), pork lard (lard-aged), and beef tallow (tallow-aged), all after 8 days of aging. Beef portions with lipid coatings developed cracks, particularly those coated with milk butter (16.7%), cocoa butter (100%), and beef tallow (100%), causing meat surface darkening. In lipid-coated samples, total weight loss (14.3%–16.6%) and yield (83.4%–85.7%) were not affected by treatments. Water activity was higher in initial samples (0.9909) compared to lipid-coated samples (0.9884–0.9890) (p < 0.05). The aging process, with or without lipid coating, increased lightness and decreased redness, yellowness, and chroma compared to initial samples. Display storage time decreased L*, a*, and chroma values and increased hue angle, particularly after 6 days compared to Day 0 (p < 0.05). Sensory evaluation revealed significant differences among treatments for aroma, flavor, and overall impression. Butter- and lard-aged samples showed slightly higher aroma and flavor scores compared to tallow-aged samples. Lipid-coated aging influenced the volatile profile. Principal component analysis revealed that wet-, butter-, cocoa-, and lard-aged samples were more associated with positive descriptors, which were positively associated with overall impression scores, whereas tallow-aged samples were associated with less desirable descriptors such as “bitter” and “rancid.” In conclusion, lipid coatings promoted sensory modifications, supported by differences in volatile compounds, but did not improve consumer acceptance compared to wet-aged samples.

Effect of bromoform-based feed additive on methane emissions and performance of Nellore cattle in feedlot backgrounding and finishing phases.

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Effect of bromoform-based feed additive on methane emissions and performance of Nellore cattle in feedlot backgrounding and finishing phases. Autoria: SILVA, M. M.; MESSANA, J. D.; KIRCHHOFF, A. M.; GERMANO, J. V. de P.; GIAMPIETRO JÚNIOR, F. E.; RIGOBELLO, I. L.; ALVAREZ-HESS, P. S.; JACQUES, S.; TOGNELLI, R.; COSTA, D. F. A.; BERNDT, A.; REIS, R. A. Conteúdo: This study evaluated the effects of a bromoform based feed additive (BBFA) on growth performance and enteric methane emissions in Nellore cattle during feedlot backgrounding and finishing phases. Ninety-six Nellore bulls (10 +/- 2 mo old, body weight (BW) 315 +/- 23 kg (block 1), and BW = 360 + 7 kg [block 2]) were allocated to 1 of 2 treatments: CONTROL (basal diet) and BBFA (basal diet plus BBFA [to target 23 mg bromoform/kg dry matter]). Bulls were housed in pens (n = 6 animals/pen) and monitored over 218 d (108 d backgrounding, 110 d finishing). Performance parameters were measured in all bulls, while enteric methane emissions were assessed in a subset of 36 animals using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique. Supplementation of the BBFA did not influence dry matter intake (DMI), weight gain or feed efficiency (P > 0.05). Compared with control, BBFA decreased methane production and yield by 26% and 25%, respectively, during backgrounding (P < 0.001). While, in the finishing phase, BBFA supplementation resulted in reductions of 58% in methane production, 59% in yield, and 60% in intensity (P < 0.001). These findings demonstrate the potential to supplement the BBFA throughout the lifecycle of cattle in Brazil, reducing methane emissions without any detrimental impacts on productivity.

Sheep breed-specific response to environment challenge against Haemonchus contortus and effect on immuno-hematological parameters.

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Sheep breed-specific response to environment challenge against Haemonchus contortus and effect on immuno-hematological parameters. Autoria: OKINO, C. H.; BELLO, H. J. S.; NICIURA, S. C. M.; CUNHA, A. F. da; COSTA, E. C. da; CAMPOS, E. M. de; KAPRITCHKOFF, R. T. I.; CORRÊA, L. G. P.; MINHO, A. P.; ESTEVES, S. N.; CHAGAS, A. C. de S. Conteúdo: Variable resistance to Haemonchus contortus infection and the associated immune mechanisms have been investigated and characterized in different sheep breeds adapted to tropical climates. In a recent study, we compared the local immune responses of the resistant Santa Inês with those of the susceptible White Dorper and Texel sheep breeds under chronic haemonchosis, and evaluated the correlations of immune-related transcripts and different parasitic stages and sexes. The aim of present study was to further elucidate the immune mechanisms among these sheep breeds by comparing local responses, microscopic lesions in the abomasum and hematological parameters in lambs raised under varying levels of parasitic challenge. The naturally resistant Santa Inês breed maintained similar phenotypic characteristics across different levels of parasitic infection loads, whereas White Dorper and Texel breeds exhibited increased susceptibility under moderate to high challenge. Texel lambs showed altered mean corpuscular volume, indicative of macrocytic anemia, and also displayed the lowest resistance under low challenge conditions. Significantly higher levels of eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes in peripheral blood, along with increased expression of Galectin-11 gene in the abomasum, were observed in Santa Inês sheep compared to the other breeds. These responses may represent key host mechanisms contributing to improved control of infection. Overall, our findings demonstrate that resistance to H. contortus infection is breed-dependent and modulated by environmental parasite challenge, providing insights that may forward to the targeted strategies for sheep flock management.