https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/item/28 Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste (CPPSE) Wed, 22 Apr 2026 00:45:50 GMT 2026-04-22T00:45:50Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1186170 Título: Intake, digestibility and rumen fermentation in Nellore bulls grazing degraded or recovered pastures of Urochloa ssp. or the grass intercropped with pigeon pea. Autoria: FURTADO, A. J.; ABDALLA FILHO, A. L.; PERNA JUNIOR, F.; PASQUINI NETO, R.; SILVA, G. V. da; LOBO, A. A. G.; COELHO, L. de M.; BRUNO, J. F.; BERNDT, A.; PEDROSO, A. de F.; MEDEIROS, S. R. de; OLIVEIRA, P. P. A.; RODRIGUES, P. H. M. Conteúdo: With global population growth, livestock production must be intensified with reduced environmental impact. The benefits of legume-grass intercropping are well-documented; however, no studies have evaluated ruminal fermentation and digestive kinetics. Pigeon pea, a legume intercropped with tropical grasses, can improve the nutritional value of forage, increasing digestive efficiency and mitigating methane emissions, while also reducing the need for nitrogen fertilization. Over two years, nine rumen-cannulated Nellore bulls were allocated to nine experimental paddocks (1.25 ha each; total area of 11.25 ha) in a randomized complete block design, with year as the blocking factor. Treatments followed a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of three forage systems and two seasons (dry and rainy), with three paddock replicates per treatment: DEG, a degraded pasture; REC, recovered pasture fertilized with 200 kg of N; and MIX, mixture of legume-grass pasture. External and internal markers were used to determine dry matter intake (DMI). Grass and legume intake proportions were estimated using C3 and C4 carbon isotopes. The concentration and production of short-chain fatty acids, methane, and ammonia compounds were calculated using the ex-situ fermentation technique. Animals in DEG pasture presented a higher DMI of the supplement and higher relative energy loss as methane production, while a higher level of DM digestibility was observed in the MIX pasture. Higher ruminal concentrations of NH3-N were obtained for animals in the REC pasture. The lowest ruminal DM and NDF degradation rates were observed in the MIX pasture. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1186170 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1186180 Título: Pasture management in Ferralsols drives mineral-associated organic matter storage, exceeding native soil carbon stocks and enhancing cation exchange capacity. Autoria: BENTO, L. R.; MARTIN NETO, L.; SANTOS, J. V. dos; FREITAS, V. da S.; PEZZOPANE, J. R. M.; BERNARDI, A. C. de C.; OLIVEIRA, P. P. A.; SCHWEIZER, S. A. Conteúdo: Pasture management is pivotal for enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in tropical grasslands, yet SOC recovery is often considered merely as the replenishment of historical losses following land-use change. It remains unclear whether managed Ferralsols can surpass the SOC stocks of native vegetation (NV) and which mechanisms drive such gains. We evaluated SOC pools, chemical composition, and nutrient-holding capacity after 24 years under unmanaged degraded pasture (DP) and fertilized managed pasture (MP), relative to NV. SOC storage in these systems was primarily mediated by the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) pool. Compared to NV, DP soils exhibited reduced MAOM stocks (119 vs. 92 Mg C ha−1), whereas MP soils stored 148 Mg C ha−1. In DP, soil acidity, low nutrient availability, and poor forage inputs induced microbial stress (as revealed by phospholipid fatty acid profiles), likely constraining MAOM formation and yielding MAOM enriched in carbohydrates with fewer carbonyl groups. In contrast, liming and fertilization in MP alleviated the Ferralsol’s low pH and nutrient deficiencies, enhancing forage yields and reducing microbial stress, likely promoting MAOM with more microbially processed signatures. NanoSIMS analyses revealed microscale organic matter patches sparsely covering clay-sized particles, indicating that SOC storage is decoupled from mineral surface area and highlighting the role of organic inputs and microbial activity in MAOM formation. Higher MAOM under MP not only increased SOC stocks but also enhanced cation exchange capacity, demonstrating that targeted pasture management can exceed native SOC stocks while improving nutrient retention. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1186180 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1186091 Título: Intensified tropical pasture-based beef cattle production systems and their effects on carcass traits, meat quality and methane emissions from Nellore steers. Autoria: SILVA, G. V. da; PASQUINI NETO, R.; MELO, M. N. V. de; ANDRADE, L. B. de; FURTADO, A. J.; FABRICIO, E. C.; BERTOLONI, A. V.; LOBO, A. A. G.; PERNA JUNIOR, F.; MEDEIROS, S. R. de; BERNDT, A.; NASSU, R. T.; PEDROSO, A. de F.; OLIVEIRA, P. P. A.; PEREIRA, A. S. C.; RODRIGUES, P. H. M. Conteúdo: This study evaluated the effects of five pasture-based production systems on the carcass and meat quality traits, as well as the methane (CH4) emissions intensity of male Nellore steers per kg of carcass under tropical conditions. Over two years (2019–2021), uncastrated male steers (three/year/experimental spatial unit) were randomly assigned to five treatments (with two replicates): 1) degraded pasture without nitrogen (N) fertilization (DP0); 2) silvopastoral with 200 kg N ha-1 (SP200); 3) rainfed pasture with 200 kg N ha-1 (RP200); 4) rainfed pasture with 400 kg N ha-1 (RP400); and 5) irrigated pasture with 600 kg N ha-1 (IP600). Animals grazed exclusively, receiving water and mineral-protein supplement ad libitum until being stunned by the Brazilian-approved method cranial concussion, followed by exsanguination, without electrical stimulation. The carcass and meat quality traits observed are positively influenced by intensification. Specifically, IP600, RP400 and RP200 demonstrate a clear benefit in improving RA, BFT, LCCW, CEP and FT (including HEP, FEP and spareribs), and Bones (expressed as kg carcass-1 and %); while SP200 and DP0 restricted the growth rates and muscle development of the animals due to the competition between the trees and the pasture and lack of fertilization, respectively. For CH4 emission intensities (per kg of carcass), SP200 and DP0 exhibited the highest emissions without proportional production gains, while IP600, RP400, and RP200 showed the lowest values. Well-managed intensified pasture-based systems consistently achieved lower CH4 emission per unit of product than those observed in DP0, confirming their potential as a viable sustainability system. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1186091 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1186000 Título: Controlled release glass fertilizer based on phosphosilicate as a promising alternative to traditional fertilizers. Autoria: CARVALHO, L. M.; SANTOS, M. E. L. dos; NOGUEIRA, A. R. de A.; BERNARDI, A. C. de C.; MANZANI, D. Conteúdo: Glass fertilizers (GF) emerge as an alternative to traditional fertilizers, due to their advantages, such as the possibility of incorporating several nutrients into their structure and the ability to control their dissolution through compositional adjustments. By varying the concentrations of glass-forming agents, such as P2O5 and SiO2, materials with controlled dissolution can be obtained [1-2]. In this work, glassy fertilizers were developed based on the P2O5-SiO2-CaO-K2O compositional system, to obtain a controlled release of available nutrients from the matrix. The GFs were synthesized by the traditional melt-quenching method and characterized by Raman, FTIR, DSC, SEM-EDS and 31P NMR. From the characterization data, it was observed that the increase in SiO2 in the glassy network “depolymerizes” the main phosphate network. The dissolution was conducted in vitro in two solvents: deionized water and citric acid/sodium citrate buffer solution, pH 4.7. It was observed that the components contained in the glass are released gradually and in a controlled manner throughout the experiment (measured by ICP-OES), and this release depends on the compositional system. After the dissolution tests, the GF was analyzed, and changes in the structure of the exposed grains were noted, indicating that Qn units with increasingly smaller n values remain in the matrix, suggesting the release of [PO4] and [SiO4] units from the glass network (Raman, FTIR and 31P NMR). The application of GF in situ in a test forage plant revealed that the compositions produced have a positive impact on the dry mass production of the plant when compared to the control group. Thus, this work demonstrates the obtaining of materials with different properties and the potential to minimize the impacts caused by conventional fertilizers, considering their capacity for compositional modulation and controlled release, opening new opportunities in the development of materials for agriculture. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1186000 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z