https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/item/385 Artigo em periódico indexado (CNPUV) Thu, 16 Apr 2026 23:14:04 GMT 2026-04-16T23:14:04Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1185782 Título: Foldable lyre and vertical shoot positioning training systems on physiology and yield of ‘merlot’ grapevines grown in a humid temperate region. Autoria: CAMPOS, L. S.; TECCHIO, M. A.; SANTOS, H. P. dos; OLIVEIRA, J. B. de; MANIERO, C. R.; CHAM, J. F. L. de C.; AGUIAR, A. C. de; ROBERTO, S. R.; PEREIRA, G. E. Conteúdo: The strategic choice of training system is essential for adapting viticulture to current climate change, ensuring a balance of physiological efficiency and the sustainability of productivity and oenological quality. This study evaluated the effects of vertical shoot positioning and foldable lyre systems (set at angles of 20◦, 30◦ and 40◦) on the physiological performance and yield of ‘Merlot’ grapevines. The experiment was conducted in a humid temperate region in Brazil over two consecutive seasons. The experiment followed a randomized block design. The variables evaluated included: the number of clusters per shoot, cluster weight, pruning weight, Ravaz Index, leaf area and yield; gas exchange parameters such as net CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, rubisco carboxylation efficiency, intercellular CO2 concentration and photosynthetic photon flux density; and chemical composition of berries such as pH, Total Soluble Solids and Titratable Acidity. The data were subjected to an analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey’s test at a 5% probability level. The results indicated that canopy architecture significantly influenced solar radiation interception, with the 30◦ and 40◦ foldable lyre systems achieving the highest mean daily radiation levels, exceeding the vertical positioning system by 73.7% and 76.6%, respectively. Although gas exchange at the leaf level remained comparable across all systems, agronomic performance varied considerably. The 40◦ foldable lyre system achieved the highest yield (22.99 t ha−1), representing a 63.1% increase over the vertical positioning system (14.10 t ha−1). The number of buds in the foldable lyre systems increased by around 70%, which is closely in line with the observed increase in yield. In addition, the foldable lyre systems provided about 40% more leaf area than the vertical positioning system. These findings suggest that divided canopy systems, such as foldable lyre systems, particularly at 30◦ and 40◦, optimize bud load, fruitfulness per shoot, light interception and significantly increase yield without compromising individual physiological efficiency and berry chemical composition, with a balance between vegetation and fruit load preserved and with positive effects on the ripeness and quality of the grapes. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1185782 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1184523 Título: Impact of Ultisol variability on the phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of wines in a semiarid environment. Autoria: SANTANA, M. de B.; RIBEIRO FILHO, M. R.; ALMEIDA, B. G. de; FRACETTO, F. J. C.; SILVA, J. F. M.; LIMA, M. dos S.; PEREIRA, G. E.; SILVA, W. R. da; SILVA, C. C. G. da; FRACETTO, G. G. M. Conteúdo: Soil composition plays a critical role in viticulture, influencing grapevine physiology and modulating wine characteristics through edaphic-climatic interactions. In the semiarid São Francisco Valley of Brazil, where viticulture is expanding under tropical conditions, the effects of soil variability on wine quality remain underexplored. This study assessed the impact of five distinct Ultisol types, differing in texture, drainage capacity, and mineralogy, on the phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of Syrah and Tempranillo red wines. Grapes were cultivated under uniform vineyard management practices, and microvinification followed standardized protocols. Wine samples were analyzed for physicochemical attributes, total phenolics, flavonoid subclasses, and antioxidant activity. Ultisols with higher clay content and better water retention promoted the accumulation of anthocyanins and stilbenes, enhancing antioxidant potential. Syrah was more responsive to edaphic variability than Tempranillo, particularly under soils with higher water-holding capacity. Despite these soil-driven effects, interannual variation in wine composition was predominantly governed by climatic factors, notably temperature and precipitation. Principal component analysis revealed that both soil type and vintage shaped distinct enological profiles, highlighting the synergistic influence of pedological and climatic elements on grape and wine chemistry. These findings emphasize the need for soil-informed vineyard management strategies to optimize phenolic expression and antioxidant capacity in tropical terroirs. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of soil-plant-wine interactions in semiarid viticulture and reinforces the role of soil variability as a determinant of enological potential in emerging wine regions Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1184523 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1182588 Título: Contribution of maize crop residues and fertilization to nitrogen nutrition of soybean grown under no-tillage system. Autoria: BRUNO, I. P.; FRANZINI, V. I.; MURAOKA, T. Conteúdo: Nitrogen (N) is essential for plant growth and, consequently, a key factor in the productivity and sustainability of agriculture. Soybean and maize require large amounts of N during the growing season. Although soybean primarily relies on biological nitrogen fixation, this source alone does not meet the crop’s total N requirements. Maize-soybean rotation is common under no-tillage systems, but the contribution of maize stover and N fertilizer to the subsequent soybean crop had been unclear. This study used a two-season field experiment to quantify N uptake and recovery in maize and the following soybean crop. Maize was fertilized with increasing rates of N-urea, and 15N tracing was used to assess N dynamics in the shoots of both maize and the subsequent soybean. Most of the N in maize shoot was derived from the soil, with up to 37% originating from fertilizer. In both crops, grains were the primary N sink, and high yields were achieved. In soybean, N uptake from maize stover and residual fertilizer was minimal, with a maximum recovery of 9% in the grain. These findings reveal for the first time the limited short-term contribution of N-urea applied to maize and its stover to soybean nutrition, suggesting that soil N plays an important role in supplying N to the soybean system. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1182588 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1181669 Título: Impact of the thermovinification practice combined with the use of autochthonous yeasts on the fermentation kinetics of red wines. Autoria: SILVA, I. S.; BARROS, A. P. A.; LIMA, M. dos S.; AGUSTINI, B. C.; SOUZA, C. O. de; BIASOTO, A. C. T. Conteúdo: Abstract: Thermovinification has emerged as a rising alternative method in red wine production, gaining popularity among winemakers. The use of autochthonous yeasts isolated from grapes is also an interesting practice that contributes to the creation of wine with a distinctive regional character. This research investigated how combining thermovinification with autochthonous yeast strains influences the fermentation dynamics of Syrah wine. Six treatments were conducted, combining the use of commercial and two autochthonous yeasts with traditional vinification (7-day maceration) and thermovinification (65 °C for 2 h) processes. Sugars and alcohols were quantified during alcoholic fermentation by high-performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detection. Cell viability and kinetic parameters, such as ethanol formation rate and sugar consumption, were also evaluated. The Syrah wine’s composition was characterized by classical wine analyses (OIV procedures). The results showed that cell viability was unaffected by thermovinification. Thermovinification associated with autochthonous yeasts improved the efficiency of alcoholic fermentation. Thermovinified wines also yielded a higher alcohol content (13.9%). Future studies should investigate how thermovinification associated with autochthonous yeasts affects the metabolomic and flavoromic properties of Syrah wine and product acceptability. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1181669 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z