Title:	Exploring the mechanisms of graphene oxide behavioral and morphological changes in zebrafish.
Authors:	CLEMENTE, Z. SILVA, G. H. da NUNES, M. C. S. MARTINEZ, D. S. T. MAURER-MORELLI, C. V. THOMAZ, A. A. CASTRO, V. L. S. S. de
Affiliation:	ZAIRA CLEMENTE, LNNano-CNPEM; GABRIELA HELENA DA SILVA, CENA-USP; MIRIAM CELI DE SOUZA NUNES, FCM-UNICAMP; DIEGO STEFANI TEODORO MARTINEZ, CENA-USP; CLAUDIA VIANA MAURER-MORELLI, FCM-UNICAMP; ANDRE ALEXANDRE THOMAZ, FCM-UNICAMP; VERA LUCIA SCHERHOLZ S DE CASTRO, CNPMA.
Date Issued:	2019
Citation:	Environmental Science and Pollution Research, v. 26, n. 29, p. 30508-30523, 2019.
Description:	Abstract: The presence of natural organic matter such as humic acid (HA) can influence the behavior of graphene oxide (GO) in the aquatic environment. In this study, zebrafish embryos were analyzed after 5 and 7 days of exposure to GO (100 mg L-1) and HA (20 mg L?1) alone or together. The results indicated that, regardless of the presence of HA, larvae exposed to GO for 5 days showed an increase in locomotor activity, reduction in the yolk sac size, and total length and inhibition of AChE activity, but there was no difference in enzyme expression. The statistical analysis indicated that the reductions in total larval length, yolk sac size, and AChE activity in larvae exposed to GO persisted in relation to the control group, but there was a recovery of these parameters in groups also exposed to HA. Larvae exposed to GO for 7 days did not show significant differences in locomotor activity, but the RT-PCR gene expression analysis evidenced an increase in the AChE expression. Since the embryos exposed to GO showed a reduction in overall length, they were submitted to confocal microscopy and their muscle tissue configuration investigated. No changes were observed in the muscle tissue. The results indicated that HA is associated with the toxicity risk modulation by GO and that some compensatory homeostasis mechanisms may be involved in the developmental effects observed in zebrafish.
Thesagro:	Peixe de Água Doce Matéria Orgânica Composto Químico Toxidez
NAL Thesaurus:	Graphene oxide Toxicity Danio rerio Ecotoxicology Environmental impact Aquatic environment Humic acids Biomarkers Behavior change
Keywords:	Óxido de grafeno
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05870-z
Type of Material:	Artigo de periódico
Access:	openAccess
Appears in Collections:	Artigo em periódico indexado (CNPMA)