Palms use a bluffing strategy to avoid seed predation by rats in Brazil.

CAMILO-ALVES, C. de S. e P.; MOURAO, G. de M.

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Campo DC	Valor	Idioma
dc.contributor.author	CAMILO-ALVES, C. de S. e P.	pt_BR
dc.contributor.author	MOURAO, G. de M.	pt_BR
dc.date.accessioned	2011-04-10T11:11:11Z	pt_BR
dc.date.available	2011-04-10T11:11:11Z	pt_BR
dc.date.created	2011-02-03	pt_BR
dc.date.issued	2010	pt_BR
dc.identifier.citation	Biotrópica, v. 42, n.2, p. 167-173, 2010.	pt_BR
dc.identifier.uri	http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/875543	pt_BR
dc.description	The goal of this study was to ascertain why the production of variable seediness is advantageous for Attalea phalerata palms. Our hypothesis was that variation reduces seed predation by the spiny rats Thrichomys pachyurus and Clyomys laticeps. Although there is a positive correlation between endocarp size and number of seeds, endocarps sometimes contain more or fewer seeds than expected; palms bluff about the number of seed per endocarp. Therefore, rats do not know how many seeds an endocarp contains. To model rats? predating behavior, we applied Charnov?s Marginal Value Theorem. The model shows that rats attack endocarps only when the energy gain is higher than the energy available in the habitat. Hence, it is not advantageous to eat all the seeds inside an endocarp. This explains why 45 percent of forest endocarps and 35 percent of savanna endocarps were still viable after predation. We then applied the model to two simulated endocarp populations with less variability in the number of seeds per endocarp size and determined that viable diaspores after predation were reduced to 15 percent. With less variability, palms cannot bluff about the number of seeds inside endocarps and predators can predict accurately how many seeds they should try to eat. Uncertainty about the number of seeds diminished predation but gave selective advantage to multiseeded fruits. Therefore, the bluffing strategy would be evolutionarily stable only if it were counterbalanced by other forces. Otherwise, predators would win the bluffing game.	pt_BR
dc.language.iso	eng	eng
dc.rights	openAccess	eng
dc.subject	Clyomys laticeps	pt_BR
dc.subject	Marginal value theorem	pt_BR
dc.subject	Multiseeded fruits	pt_BR
dc.subject	Predator prey interaction	pt_BR
dc.subject	Thrichomys pachyurus	pt_BR
dc.title	Palms use a bluffing strategy to avoid seed predation by rats in Brazil.	pt_BR
dc.type	Artigo de periódico	pt_BR
dc.date.updated	2017-07-21T11:11:11Z	pt_BR
dc.subject.nalthesaurus	Attalea phalerata	pt_BR
dc.subject.nalthesaurus	Pantanal	pt_BR
riaa.ainfo.id	875543	pt_BR
riaa.ainfo.lastupdate	2017-07-21	pt_BR
dc.contributor.institution	CONSTANÇA DE SAMPAIO E PAIVA CAMILO-ALVES; GUILHERME DE MIRANDA MOURAO, CPAP.	pt_BR
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