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dc.contributor.authorMASCARIN, G. M.
dc.contributor.authorSILVA, A. V. R. da
dc.contributor.authorSILVA, T. P. da
dc.contributor.authorKOBORI, N. N.
dc.contributor.authorMORANDI, M. A. B.
dc.contributor.authorBETTIOL, W.
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-04T19:10:02Z-
dc.date.available2022-11-04T19:10:02Z-
dc.date.created2022-11-04
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.citationFrontiers in Microbiology, v. 13, article 851000, 2022.
dc.identifier.issn1664-302
dc.identifier.urihttp://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1148058-
dc.descriptionAbstract: Among the prospective biocontrol agents, the saprophytic filamentous fungus Clonostachys rosea is an excellent necrotrophic mycoparasite of numerous plant pathogenic fungi. However, its commercial development has been hampered by mass production difficulties during solid-state fermentation. Conversely, the submerged liquid fermentation shortens the cultivation time while increasing yields of fungal propagules. However, this method has been overlooked for C. rosea. In this work, we investigated the impact of liquid pre-culture inoculum on the spore production by the two-stage fermentation process using rice grains in comparison to the traditional solid-state fermentation. In parallel, we studied the submerged cultivation of C. rosea by manipulating carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio and nitrogen source, with the further optimization of spore production in a benchtop bioreactor. Additional bioassays included assessing the bioactivity of water-dispersible microgranules (that contained a submerged conidia) against the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci biotype B) and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (causal agent of the white mold). Our results showed a maximum concentration of 1.1 × 10<sup>9</sup> conidia/g-dry-matter after 7 days of cultivation by two-stage fermentation process. The liquid fermentation yielded 1.4 × 10<sup>9</sup> submerged conidia/ml after 7 days using a medium with a 50:1 C:N ratio, and it also induced the production of microsclerotia (MS) up to 1.35 × 10<sup>4</sup>/ml within 6 days with 10:1 C:N ratio; both media were supplemented with dextrose monohydrate and soybean meal. The fermentation batches carried out in a benchtop bioreactor with medium 50:1 C:N ratio and amended with soybean meal rendered a production peak on the fourth day, corresponding to 1.11 × 10<sup>9</sup> conidia/ml and 4.35 × 10<sup>8</sup> colony forming units (CFU)/ml. Following air-drying, the conidia production from air-dried microgranules of C. rosea biomass was estimated at 3.4 × 10<sup>10</sup> conidia/g of formulated product upon re-hydration for 7 days. Both submerged conidia and MS of C. rosea inhibited 100% germination of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia by direct parasitism. The air-dried submerged conidia exhibited a suppressive activity on sclerotia (88% mycoparasitism) and early whitefly nymphs (76.2% mortality) that rendered LC<sub>50</sub> values of 3.2 × 10<sup>4</sup> CFU/g soil and 1.5 × 10<sup>7</sup> CFU/ml, respectively. Therefore, the submerged liquid culture of C. rosea may offer a feasible and cost-effective method for its large-scale production, alleviating critical constraints to their commercial use while providing an additional tool for management of B. tabaci and S. sclerotiorum.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rightsopenAccess
dc.titleClonostachys rosea: production by submerged culture and bioactivity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Bemisia tabaci.
dc.typeArtigo de periódico
dc.subject.thesagroDoença de Planta
dc.subject.thesagroSclerotinia Sclerotiorum
dc.subject.thesagroBemisia Tabaci
dc.subject.thesagroMofo Branco
dc.subject.thesagroControle Biológico
dc.subject.thesagroFungo Para Controle Biológico
dc.subject.nalthesaurusBiological control agents
dc.subject.nalthesaurusSclerotinia
dc.subject.nalthesaurusClonostachys rosea
dc.subject.nalthesaurusSubmerged fermentation
dc.subject.nalthesaurusSolid state fermentation
riaa.ainfo.id1148058
riaa.ainfo.lastupdate2022-11-04
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.851000
dc.contributor.institutionGABRIEL MOURA MASCARIN, CNPMA; ANA VITÓRIA REINA DA SILVA; THIAGO PEREIRA DA SILVA; NILCE NAOMI KOBORI; MARCELO AUGUSTO BOECHAT MORANDI, CNPMA; WAGNER BETTIOL, CNPMA.
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