Title:	Environmental sustainability of Nile tilapia reared in Biofloc Technology (BFT) system: evaluation of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus dynamics and indicators of sustainability.
Authors:	BLATT, T. L. da S. CARDOSO, A. J. da S. WATANABE, A. L. BUGLIONE NETO, C. C. HISANO, H.
Affiliation:	TAINARA LAISE DA SILVA BLATT, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL; ALEX JÚNIO DA SILVA CARDOSO; ANDRÉ LUIZ WATANABE, ITAIPU BINACIONAL; CELSO CARLOS BUGLIONE NETO, ITAIPU BINACIONAL; HAMILTON HISANO, CNPMA.
Date Issued:	2025
Citation:	Sustainability, v. 17, n. 13, article 5670, 2025.
Description:	Abstrract: This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and some indicators of environmental sustainability of Nile tilapia reared in a biofloc technology (BFT) system. Nile tilapia fingerlings were cultured in three BFT units of production (4.2 m3 each) at a stocking density of 395 fish/m3. After 70 days, the survival rate was 98.05%, with a final average weight of 20.43 g, and apparent feed conversion of 1.05. Nutrient inputs were from supply water, initial fish biomass, and feed; outputs were measured from the final fish biomass and effluent. TC, TN, and TP concentrations in the water increased linearly over time (p < 0.001) by 1.54, 1.66, and 0.44 mg/L, respectively. Feed contributed over 88% of nutrient inputs, while fish final biomass accounted for over 50% of output. Nutrient retention in fish final biomass was 29.74% (TC), 45.38% (TN), and 46.34% (TP). The system had low eutrophication potential, estimated at 57.39 kg TC, 20.02 kg TN, and 5.70 kg TP per ton of fish. Water use was minimal (0.0074 m3/ton), but energy demand was high (114.59 MJ/kg). The closed system reduces biodiversity risks by preventing fish escape. In conclusion, BFT supports high fish productivity with efficient nutrient use, minimal water use, and limited environmental impact, contributing to environmentally sustainable aquaculture.
Thesagro:	Tilápia Nilótica Método de Criação Qualidade da Água Nutrição Animal Eficiência Nutricional
NAL Thesaurus:	Tilapia (common name) Aquaculture systems Environmental sustainability Environmental indicators biofloc technology
Keywords:	Nutrient dynamics
ISSN:	2071-1050
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135670
Type of Material:	Artigo de periódico
Access:	openAccess
Appears in Collections:	Artigo em periódico indexado (CNPMA)