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dc.contributor.authorCARNEIRO, P. A. M.
dc.contributor.authorSANTOS, L. R. dos
dc.contributor.authorJARDIM, R.
dc.contributor.authorSILVA, C. B. D. G. e
dc.contributor.authorARAUJO, F. R.
dc.contributor.authorDÁVILA, A. M. R.
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-02T14:02:20Z-
dc.date.available2026-06-02T14:02:20Z-
dc.date.created2026-06-02
dc.date.issued2026
dc.identifier.citationAntibiotics, v. 15, n. 5, 454, 2026.
dc.identifier.urihttp://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1187304-
dc.descriptionABSTRACT - Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat, with raw milk serving as a potential reservoir for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs). This study characterized the resistome and mobilome of raw milk from cows (Bos taurus) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in the Brazilian Amazon, a region where unpasteurized dairy consumption is culturally ingrained. Methods: Using shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we analyzed 32 pooled milk samples from extensive and semi-intensive farms in the Manaus Metropolitan Region. Results: Sequencing yielded over 3.1 million contigs. While cow milk showed a higher prevalence of positive samples (80%), buffalo milk exhibited a significantly higher abundance and diversity of ARG-associated contigs (301 contigs vs. 85 in cows). Clinically relevant genes were identified, including AbaQ, ArnT, and KpnF, alongside complex multi-AMR cassettes co-occurring with plasmids and widespread viral sequences (dominated by Caudoviricetes). Integrons were ubiquitous in cattle and highly prevalent in buffalo samples. Conclusions: These findings indicate that raw milk in the Amazon harbors a rich reservoir of resistance determinants and MGEs, likely driven by farm-level antibiotic usage. This underscores a critical food safety risk and highlights the need for One Health-based surveillance in the region.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rightsopenAccess
dc.titleResistome and mobilome profiling of raw cow and buffalo milk from the Brazilian Amazon via shotgun metagenomics.
dc.typeArtigo de periódico
dc.subject.thesagroBos Taurus
dc.subject.thesagroBubalus Bubalis
dc.subject.thesagroBúfalo
dc.subject.thesagroProduto Derivado do Leite
dc.subject.nalthesaurusAnimal health
dc.subject.nalthesaurusBuffalo milk
dc.subject.nalthesaurusMetagenomics
dc.subject.nalthesaurusRaw milk
dc.format.extent212 p.
riaa.ainfo.id1187304
riaa.ainfo.lastupdate2026-06-02
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15050454.
dc.contributor.institutionPAULO ALEX MACHADO CARNEIRO, INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO AMAZONAS; LENITA RAMIRES DOS SANTOS, CNPGC; RODRIGO JARDIM, FUNDAÇÃO OSWALDO CRUZ; CHRISTIAN BARNADD DANNIELL GOMES E SILVA, MINISTÉRIO DA AGRICULTURA, PECUÁRIA E ABASTECIMENTO; FLABIO RIBEIRO DE ARAUJO, CNPGC; ALBERTO MARTÍN RIVERA DÁVILA, FUNDAÇÃO OSWALDO CRUZ.
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