Título:	A blockchain system for scalable tokenized equity and efficient dividend distribution in agricultural cooperatives.
Autoria:	MINANGO, J. PARADISI, A. MARION, S. LONA, A. BERGIER, I.
Afiliação:	JUAN MINANGO, CENTRO DE PESQUISA E DESENVOLVIMENTO EM TELECOMUNICAÇÕES; ALBERTO PARADISI, CENTRO DE PESQUISA E DESENVOLVIMENTO EM TELECOMUNICAÇÕES; SILVIA MARION, CENTRO DE PESQUISA E DESENVOLVIMENTO EM TELECOMUNICAÇÕES; ANDREZA LONA, CENTRO DE PESQUISA E DESENVOLVIMENTO EM TELECOMUNICAÇÕES; IVAN BERGIER TAVARES DE LIMA, CNPTIA.
Ano de publicação:	2026
Referência:	Economies, v. 14, n. 6, 220, June 2026.
Conteúdo:	Agricultural cooperatives in developing economies struggle with capital access and typically depend on subsidized credit with rigid repayment schedules that create vulnerability during low-production cycles. In this paper, we present a mathematical framework implemented through a smart contract to tokenize cooperative capital. Our mathematical framework uses magnified accumulators (scaled accumulator variables) to maintain temporal fairness, allocating dividends proportionally based on token holding periods through correction factors. The dividend distribution model operates with O(1) computational complexity, regardless of cooperative size. The CooperativeToken smart contract combines ERC20 standards with automated dividend distribution, democratic governance mechanisms, and a hybrid payment architecture supporting both cryptocurrency and fiat transactions. Deployment verification and a gas analysis demonstrate operational viability with consistent performance and minimal transaction costs, enabling scalability from small to large cooperatives. The proposed system offers agricultural cooperatives a debt-free alternative to conventional financing, democratizing access to tokenized capital structures that were previously restricted to large agribusinesses. While the model is validated via Ethereum Sepolia testnet simulation, real-world deployment and field testing in active cooperatives remain necessary to confirm practical feasibility. This study provides the algorithmic and economic foundation for such pilots.
Palavras-chave:	Blockchain Contratos inteligentes Tokenização Economia cooperativa Distribuição de dividendos Finanças descentralizadas Cooperativas agrícolas Economias em desenvolvimento Smart contracts Tokenization Cooperative economics Dividend distribution Decentralized finance Agricultural cooperatives Developing economies
ISSN:	2227-7099
Digital Object Identifier:	https://doi.org/10.3390/economies14060220
Tipo do material:	Artigo de periódico
Acesso:	openAccess
Aparece nas coleções:	Artigo em periódico indexado (CNPTIA)