Title:	Feeding rate and feeding frequency during the grow-out phase of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in earthen ponds.
Authors:	RODRIGUES, A. P. O. FREITAS, L. E. L. de MACIEL-HONDA, P. O. LIMA, A. F. LIMA, L. K. F. de
Affiliation:	ANA PAULA OEDA RODRIGUES, CNPASA; LUIZ EDUARDO LIMA DE FREITAS, CNPASA; PATRICIA OLIVEIRA MACIEL HONDA, CNPASA; ADRIANA FERREIRA LIMA, CNPASA; LEANDRO KANAMARU FRANCO DE LIMA, CNPASA.
Date Issued:	2024
Citation:	Aquaculture Reports, v. 35, 102000, 2024.
Description:	Adequate feeding protocols are extremely important for the technical and economic feasibility of fish production systems. Two feeding rates, 3% and 4% body weight per day (3%BW and 4%BW), and two feeding frequencies, twice and three times a day, were tested during 84 days at the initial grow-out phase of tambaqui (94.5 ± 6.4 g) in earthen ponds. No mortalities or difference in growth between treatments were observed during the trial. Total feed intake and feed conversion ratio were low in the fish fed at 3%BW. Fat deposition in the fish carcass and concentration of glycogen and lipid vacuoles in the hepatocytes were also low in fish fed at 3%BW. Plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in the fish fed three times a day at 4%BW. Increased concentration of malonaldehyde was observed in the carcass of fish fed three times a day at 4%BW at the end of the storage period. Fish fed twice a day presented higher total feed intake per meal than fish fed three times a day, demonstrating that tambaqui was able to regulate the feed intake to benefit from a low feeding frequency. No difference was observed in pond phytoplankton and zooplankton concentration or sediment chemistry. Fish fed at 3%BW presented higher stomach content weight, demonstrating the contribution of the natural food as a complementary nutrition to tambaqui. Based on the results, tambaqui of 95–350 g reared in earthen ponds may be fed twice a day at 3%BW.
Thesagro:	Peixe Nutrição Animal Tambaqui Colossoma Macropomum
NAL Thesaurus:	Fish Feed conversion
Keywords:	Amazonian fish Feed management Natural productivity
ISSN:	2352-5134
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102000
Type of Material:	Artigo de periódico
Access:	openAccess
Appears in Collections:	Artigo em periódico indexado (CNPASA)