Title:	Cytokine profiles in pregnant gilts experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and relationships with viral load and fetal outcome.
Authors:	LADINIG, A. LUNNEY, J. K. SOUZA, C. J. H. ASHLEY, C. PLASTOW, G. HARDING, J. C. S.
Affiliation:	ANDREA LADINIG, UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA; JOAN K. LUNNEY, USDA; CARLOS JOSE HOFF DE SOUZA, CNPASA; CAROLYN ASHLEY, UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA; GRAHAM PLASTOW, UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA, CANADA; JOHN C. S. HARDING, UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA.
Date Issued:	2014
Citation:	Veterinary Research, v. 45, 2014.
Description:	In spite of extensive research, immunologic control mechanisms against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSv) remain poorly understood. Cytokine responses have been exhaustively studied in nursery pigs and show contradictory results. Since no detailed reports on cytokine responses to PRRSv in pregnant females exist, the objectives of this study were to compare host cytokine responses between PRRSv-infected and non-infected pregnant gilts, and to investigate relationships between cytokine levels in infected gilts and viral load or fetal mortality rate. Serum samples and supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) either stimulated with PRRSv or phorbol myristate acetate/Ionomycin (PMA/Iono) were analyzed for cytokines/chemokines: interleukins (IL) 1-beta (IL1β), IL4, IL8, IL10, IL12, chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), interferon alpha (IFNα) and interferon gamma (IFNγ). Three cytokines (IFNα, CCL2, IFNγ) in gilt serum differed significantly in inoculated versus control gilts over time. In supernatants of PRRSv stimulated PBMC from PRRSv-infected gilts, levels of IFNα were significantly decreased, while IL8 secretion was significantly increased. PRRSv infection altered the secretion of all measured cytokines, with the exception of IFNα, from PBMC after mitogen stimulation, indicating a possible immunomodulatory effect of PRRSv. IFNα, CCL2, and IFNγ in serum, and IFNγ in supernatants of PMA/Iono stimulated PBMC were significantly associated with viral load in tissues, serum or both. However, only IFNα in supernatants of PRRSv stimulated PBMC was significantly associated with fetal mortality rate. We conclude that of the eight cytokines tested in this study IFNα was the best indicator of viral load and severity of reproductive PRRSv infection.
Thesagro:	Suino Porco Reprodução animal Respiração Virus
NAL Thesaurus:	Cytokines Swine Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
DOI:	10.1186/s13567-014-0113-8
Type of Material:	Artigo de periódico
Access:	openAccess
Appears in Collections:	Artigo em periódico indexado (CNPASA)