Title:	Characterization of Aspergillus species on Brazil nut from the Brazilian Amazonian region and development of a PCR assay for identification at the genus level.
Authors:	MIDORIKAWA, G. E. O. SOUZA, M. de L. M. de SILVA, O. F. DIAS, J. do S. A. KANZAKI, L. I. B. HANADA, R. E. MESQUITA, R. M. L. C. GONCALVES, R. C. ALVARES, V. de S. BITTENCOURT, D. M. de C. MILLER, R. N. G.
Affiliation:	Glaucia E. O. Midorikawa, Universidade de Brasília (UnB); MARIA DE LOURDES MENDES DE SOUZA, CTAA; OTNIEL FREITAS SILVA, CTAA; JUREMA DO SOCORRO AZEVEDO DIAS, CPAF-AP; Luis I. B. Kanzaki, Universidade de Brasília (UnB); Rogerio E. Hanada, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (Inpa); Renata M. L. C. Mesquita, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (Inpa); RIVADALVE COELHO GONCALVES, CPAF-AC; VIRGINIA DE SOUZA ALVARES, CPAF-Acre; DANIELA MATIAS DE C BITTENCOURT, CPAA; Robert N. G. Miller, Universidade de Brasília (UnB).
Date Issued:	2014
Citation:	BMC Microbiology, v.14, n. 138, 2014.
Description:	Brazil nut is a protein-rich extractivist tree crop in the Amazon region. Fungal contamination of shells and kernel material frequently includes the presence of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species from the section Flavi. Aflatoxins are polyketide secondary metabolites, which are hepatotoxic carcinogens in mammals. The objectives of this study were to identify Aspergillus species occurring on Brazil nut grown in different states in the Brazilian Amazon region and develop a specific PCR method for collective identification of member species of the genus Aspergillus. Results:Polyphasic identification of 137 Aspergillus strains isolated from Brazil nut shell material from cooperatives across the Brazilian Amazon states of Acre, Amapá and Amazonas revealed five species, with Aspergillus section Flavi species A. nomius and A. flavus the most abundant. PCR primers ASP_GEN_MTSSU_F1 and ASP_GEN_MTSSU_R1 were designed for the genus Aspergillus, targeting a portion of the mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Primer specificity was validated through both electronic PCR against target gene sequences at Genbank and in PCR reactions against DNA from Aspergillus species and other fungal genera common on Brazil nut. Collective differentiation of the observed section Flavi species A. flavus, A. nomius and A. tamarii from other Aspergillus species was possible on the basis of RFLP polymorphism. Conclusions:Given the abundance of Aspergillus section Flavi species A. nomius and A. flavus observed on Brazil nut, and associated risk of mycotoxin accumulation, simple identification methods for such mycotoxigenic species are of importance for Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point system implementation. The assay for the genus Aspergillus represents progress towards specific PCR identification and detection of mycotoxigenic species.
Thesagro:	Doença de planta Castanha do pará Bertholletia excelsa Fungo Identificação Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxina
NAL Thesaurus:	Plant diseases and disorders Brazil nuts Fungi Pathogen identification Amazonia
Keywords:	Castanha do brasil Enfermedades y desórdenes de las plantas Identificación de patógenos Nuez del Brasil
ISSN:	1471-2180
DOI:	10.1186/1471-2180-14-138
Type of Material:	Artigo de periódico
Access:	openAccess
Appears in Collections:	Artigo em periódico indexado (CPAF-AC)