Title:	Next steps for conservation agriculture.
Authors:	LANDERS, J. N. FREITAS, P. L. de OLIVEIRA, M. C. de SILVA NETO, S. P. da RALISCH, R. KUENEMAN, E. A.
Affiliation:	JOHN N. LANDERS, FEBRAPDP; PEDRO LUIZ DE FREITAS, CNPS; MAURICIO CARVALHO DE OLIVEIRA, MAPA; SEBASTIAO PEDRO DA SILVA NETO, CPAC; RICARDO RALISCH, UEL; ERIC ALAN KUENEMAN, KUENEMAN CONSULTANCY.
Date Issued:	2021
Citation:	Agronomy, v. 11, n. 12, 2496, 2021.
Description:	The origins, history, and recent advances in Conservation Agriculture (CA) are reported. CA is now practiced worldwide on some 200 million hectares, important for mitigating climate change and ensuring food security. Its bedrock is Zero Tillage (ZT) with crop rotation and retention of crop residues. CA approaches Or-19 ganic Agriculture (OA) when coupled to biological control providing opportunity for OA to become truly sustainable. Ley Farming (LF) and agroforestry with ZT are important for carbon sequestration and land use intensification. Hidden cost: each ton of carbon immobilizes 83 kg of N, 29 kg of P, and 14 kg of S. Industry-backed Regenerative Agriculture (RA) variants have no scientific definition, but generally adopt CA. Sustainable, profitable, and compatible new technologies are emerging and CA needs to embrace them to present a holistic, sustainable package to the farmer. How? A single definition for agricultural sustainability via a multi-stakeholder world congress would standardize certification and de-confuse the market. RA describes exactly what CA does for soil health and all farmers need to unite around a new "Combined Regenerative Agriculture" (CRA) to lobby for adequate payments for environmental services. Expansion of CA is critical for world sustainability. Many gaps and constraints exist, especially for smallholders.
Thesagro:	Plantio Direto Biologia do Solo Agricultura Orgânica
NAL Thesaurus:	No-tillage Soil biology
Keywords:	Land use intensification Off-farm benefits Organic agriculture Payments for environmental services Regenerative agriculture Soil disturbance Zero tillage
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122496
Type of Material:	Artigo de periódico
Access:	openAccess
Appears in Collections:	Artigo em periódico indexado (CNPS)