Title:	Regulatory framework of genome editing in Brazil and worldwide.
Authors:	VIEIRA, L. R. FREITAS, N. C. JUSTEN, F. MIRANDA, V. de J. GARCIA, B. de O. NEPOMUCENO, A. L. FUGANTI-PAGLIARINI, R. FELIPE, M. S. S. MOLINARI, H. B. C. VELINI, E. D. PINTO, E. R. de C. DAGLI, M. L. Z. ANDRADE, G. FERNANDES, P. M. B. MERTZ-HENNING, L. M. KOBAYASHI, A. K.
Affiliation:	LETÍCIA RIOS VIEIRA; NATÁLIA CHAGAS FREITAS; FERNANDA JUSTEN; VÍVIAN DE JESUS MIRANDA; BRUNO DE OLIVEIRA GARCIA, Universidade Federal de Lavras; ALEXANDRE LIMA NEPOMUCENO, CNPSO; RENATA FUGANTI-PAGLIARINI; MARIA SUELI SOARES FELIPE, Universidade Católica de Brasília; HUGO BRUNO CORREA MOLINARI, CNPAE; EDIVALDO DOMINGUES VELINI, Universidade Estadual Paulista; EDUARDO ROMANO DE CAMPOS PINTO, Cenargen; MARIA LUCIA ZAIDAN DAGLI, Universidade de São Paulo; GALDINO ANDRADE, Universidade Estatual de Londrina; PATRICIA MACHADO BUENO FERNANDES, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; LILIANE MARCIA MERTZ HENNING, CNPSO; ADILSON KENJI KOBAYASHI, CNPAE.
Date Issued:	2021
Citation:	In: MOLINARI, H. B. C.; VIEIRA, L. R.; SILVA, N. V. e; PRADO, G. S.; LOPES FILHO, J. F. (Ed.). CRISPR technology in plant genome editing: biotechnology applied to agriculture. Brasília, DF : Embrapa, 2021. Chapter 5, p. 169-195.
Description:	The regulation of the use of products obtained through genome-editing techniques has been the subject of great debate worldwide. Currently, the discussions are mainly focused on whether products obtained by different strategies of site-directed nucleases (SDN) should or not be classified as Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). In the SDN-1 application, the natural DNA cell repair pathway (Non-Homologous End-Joining - NHEJ) is explored to introduce simple random mutations (substitutions, insertions, and deletions) by systems such as CRISPR-Cas, TALENs, or Zinc Fingers Nucleases, which cause silencing of the gene product after breaking DNA (by Double-Strand Break - DSB). In the SDN-2 approach, a template DNA is also used to introduce a change in the sequence of nitrogen bases (A, C, G, T) at the target site where the DSB occurred, exploring another natural repair system directed by a DNA fragment from the same species (Homology-Directed Repair - HDR). In the SDN-3 approach, both NHEJ and HDR can be explored to insert one or more DNA fragments with sequences necessary for the expression of a gene (promoter, coding, and terminator region) at a specific location in the genome. In the following topics, questions related to genome editing regulation in different countries are discussed in detail.
Thesagro:	Biotecnologia DNA Engenharia Genética Genética Vegetal Legislação
NAL Thesaurus:	Biotechnology Genetic engineering Genetically modified organisms Plant genetics
Type of Material:	Parte de livro
Access:	openAccess
Appears in Collections:	Capítulo em livro científico (CNPSO)