Title:	Economic drivers in the Amazon from the 19th century to the 1970s.
Authors:	LARREA-ALCÁZAR, D. M. CUVI, N. VALENTIM, J. F. DIAZ, L. VIDAL, S. PALACIO, G.
Affiliation:	DANIEL M. LARREA-ALCÁZAR, Asociación Boliviana para la Investigación y Conservación de Ecosistemas Andino-Amazónicos, La Paz, Bolivia; NICOLÁS CUVI, Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO), Quito, Ecuador; JUDSON FERREIRA VALENTIM, CPAF-AC; LUISA DIAZ, Universidad Nacional Mayor San Marcos, Lima, Perú; SILVIA VIDAL, Universidad de Los Andes (ULA), Mérida, Venezuela; GERMÁN PALACIO, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
Date Issued:	2021
Citation:	In: SCIENCE panel for the Amazon: Amazon assessment report 2021: part I: The Amazon as a regional entity of the Earth system. New York, NY: United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network, 2021.
Pages:	Cap. 11, p. irreg.
Description:	The objective of this chapter is to identify the main economic processes that occurred in the Brazilian, Andean, and Guyanese Amazon during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries until the 1970s. Specifically, the chapter describes the history of extractivism and the effects of geopolitical reconfiguration in the Amazon after the processes of emancipation or decolonization. It analyses the extractive history based on quina barks (species of the genus Chinchona, Rubiaceae) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis, Euphorbiacae), as well as the characteristics and practices developed by social actors related to the local and regional economy that arose from these exploitations. It also includes a synthesis of the history of the emergence of the extractive economy based on the exploitation of oil, minerals (mainly gold), and the beginning of wildlife trafficking and the basis for the emergence of mechanized agriculture, intensive livestock herding, and mega-infrastructure, among others. Finally, it identifies the main lessons learned and key messages from the use of "historical commodities" in the Amazon and their implications in contemporary patterns of use of other resources in the Amazon, such as the Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa, Lecythidaceae).
Thesagro:	Desenvolvimento Socio-Econômico
NAL Thesaurus:	Amazonia Socioeconomic development Economic, census and historical data
Keywords:	Extrativismo na Amazônia Abordagem histórica Século XIX Século XX Década de 1970
DOI:	10.55161/NZOY5303
Type of Material:	Parte de livro
Access:	openAccess
Appears in Collections:	Capítulo em livro científico (CPAF-AC)